The Woodshed Firewood: Completed Build & Setup Tips (Cedar Logs Insight)

“Firewood warms you twice – once when you cut it and once when you burn it.” – Henry Ford

As a seasoned woodworker and firewood enthusiast, I’ve learned that creating a reliable and efficient woodshed for storing firewood is crucial for anyone serious about heating their home with wood. Over the years, I’ve experimented with various designs, learned from my mistakes, and refined my approach to building the perfect woodshed. This guide is a culmination of those experiences, focusing specifically on building a woodshed tailored for cedar logs, while providing setup tips that will benefit any firewood storage project. I’ll share my insights, technical specifications, and practical advice to help you build a woodshed that not only protects your firewood but also enhances your wood-burning experience.

Understanding the Woodshed: Purpose and Design Considerations

The primary function of a woodshed is to protect firewood from the elements, allowing it to dry properly and maintain its heating value. A well-designed woodshed will:

• Shield firewood from rain and snow: Preventing moisture absorption.
• Promote air circulation: Facilitating the drying process.
• Protect from ground moisture: Preventing rot and decay.
• Provide easy access to firewood: Making loading and unloading convenient.

Cedar Logs: A Unique Case

Cedar is a softwood known for its natural resistance to decay and insect infestation, making it a popular choice for outdoor projects. However, cedar firewood still benefits from proper storage, especially if you want to maximize its BTU output and ensure clean burning.

• Moisture Content: Cedar, like all firewood, needs to be seasoned (dried) to a moisture content of 20% or less for optimal burning. Freshly cut cedar can have a moisture content of 50% or higher.
• Drying Time: Cedar tends to dry faster than hardwoods like oak or maple, but a woodshed still significantly accelerates the process. Expect cedar to season in 6-12 months in a well-ventilated woodshed, compared to potentially over a year if left exposed.
• Storage Considerations: Cedar’s lightweight nature means you can potentially stack it higher than denser hardwoods.

Planning Your Woodshed: Size, Location, and Materials

Before you start building, careful planning is essential. Here’s what I consider:

Size and Capacity

The size of your woodshed depends on your firewood consumption and how often you plan to replenish your supply. A standard cord of firewood is 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long, totaling 128 cubic feet.

• Estimating Your Needs: Determine how many cords of firewood you burn each winter. A rough estimate is 3-5 cords for a wood stove used as a primary heating source in a cold climate.
• Woodshed Dimensions: Design your woodshed to accommodate at least one cord of firewood, with extra space for airflow and easy access. I recommend adding 20-30% extra space to account for irregular stacking and future needs.

For example, if you plan to store 2 cords of cedar, you might consider a woodshed that’s 8 feet wide, 8 feet deep, and 6 feet high. This provides ample space for the wood, plus room for air circulation.

Location

The location of your woodshed is crucial for convenience and efficiency. Consider the following:

• Proximity to Your Home: Choose a location that’s close enough to your house for easy access during winter, but far enough away to minimize the risk of insects or rodents entering your home.
• Sun Exposure: A sunny location will help dry the firewood faster, but too much direct sunlight can also cause the wood to crack and lose its oils. Aim for a balance.
• Ground Conditions: Choose a well-drained area to prevent moisture from seeping into the firewood. Avoid low-lying areas that are prone to flooding.
• Accessibility: Ensure the location is easily accessible with a wheelbarrow or tractor for loading and unloading firewood.

Materials

The materials you choose will affect the durability and longevity of your woodshed.

• Framing: Pressure-treated lumber is ideal for the frame, as it’s resistant to rot and insect damage. Common sizes include 4×4 posts and 2×4 studs.
• Roofing: Metal roofing is a durable and low-maintenance option. Asphalt shingles are a more affordable alternative.
• Siding: Cedar siding is a natural choice for a cedar firewood woodshed, but other options include plywood, board and batten, or even reclaimed wood.
• Foundation: A gravel base or concrete blocks will elevate the woodshed and prevent ground moisture from wicking into the firewood.

Material Specifications:

Building Your Woodshed: Step-by-Step Guide

Here’s a detailed guide to building your cedar firewood woodshed, based on my own experiences and best practices.

Step 1: Preparing the Foundation

A solid foundation is crucial for a stable and long-lasting woodshed.

1. Clear the Area: Remove any vegetation, rocks, or debris from the site.
2. Level the Ground: Use a shovel and level to create a level surface.
3. Install the Gravel Base: Spread a layer of crushed gravel 4-6 inches deep over the area. Compact the gravel using a tamper or plate compactor. This will provide drainage and prevent ground moisture from reaching the firewood.
4. Alternative: Concrete Blocks: If you prefer, you can use concrete blocks as a foundation. Place the blocks on the leveled ground, spacing them evenly to support the frame of the woodshed. Ensure the blocks are level with each other.

Step 2: Building the Frame

The frame provides the structural support for the woodshed.

1. Cut the Posts: Cut the 4×4 pressure-treated posts to the desired height. I recommend a height of at least 6 feet to allow for ample firewood storage.
2. Assemble the Base: Construct a rectangular base using 2×4 pressure-treated lumber. Attach the posts to the corners of the base using screws or nails. Ensure the frame is square and level.
3. Add the Top Frame: Construct a top frame similar to the base, attaching it to the top of the posts. This will provide support for the roof.
4. Add Studs: Install 2×4 studs between the top and bottom frames, spacing them 24 inches apart. This will provide additional support for the siding.

Frame Dimensions Example (for a 8’x8′ Woodshed):

• Posts: 6 feet (72 inches)
• Base and Top Frame: 2×4 pressure-treated lumber, cut to 8 feet lengths
• Studs: 2×4 pressure-treated lumber, cut to 6 feet lengths, spaced 24 inches apart

Step 3: Installing the Roofing

The roof is essential for protecting the firewood from rain and snow.

1. Install Rafters: Attach 2×4 rafters to the top frame, spacing them 24 inches apart. Angle the rafters slightly to create a slope for water runoff. I typically use a 1/4 pitch.
2. Cover with Plywood (Optional): For asphalt shingles, cover the rafters with plywood sheathing. This provides a solid surface for attaching the shingles.
3. Install Roofing Material: Install the metal roofing or asphalt shingles according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Overlap the roofing material to prevent leaks.
4. Seal the Edges: Seal the edges of the roofing with caulk or flashing to prevent water from entering the woodshed.

Roofing Specifications:

• Rafters: 2×4 lumber, spaced 24 inches apart
• Plywood Sheathing (for shingles): ½ inch thick, exterior-grade
• Metal Roofing: 26-gauge, with a minimum 10-year warranty
• Asphalt Shingles: 20-year warranty

Step 4: Adding the Siding

The siding provides additional protection from the elements and enhances the appearance of the woodshed.

1. Cut the Siding: Cut the cedar siding or plywood to the desired length.
2. Attach the Siding: Attach the siding to the frame using nails or screws. Overlap the siding slightly to prevent water from entering the woodshed.
3. Add Trim (Optional): Add trim around the edges of the siding to create a finished look.

Siding Installation Tips:

• Use galvanized fasteners to prevent rust.
• Pre-drill holes to prevent the wood from splitting.
• Apply a wood preservative to the siding for added protection.

Step 5: Adding Ventilation

Proper ventilation is crucial for drying firewood effectively.

1. Leave Gaps in Siding: Leave small gaps between the siding boards to allow for airflow. A gap of ¼ inch is usually sufficient.
2. Install Vents: Install vents near the top of the woodshed to allow hot air to escape. You can use commercially available vents or create your own using wire mesh.
3. Elevate the Firewood: Elevate the firewood off the ground using pallets or wooden slats. This will allow air to circulate beneath the firewood, promoting drying.

Ventilation Specifications:

• Siding Gaps: ¼ inch
• Vent Size: Minimum 4×12 inches per cord of firewood

Setup Tips for Optimal Firewood Storage

Once your woodshed is built, follow these setup tips to ensure optimal firewood storage.

Stacking Firewood

Proper stacking is essential for promoting air circulation and preventing the firewood from settling.

1. Stack in Rows: Stack the firewood in rows, leaving small gaps between the rows to allow for airflow.
2. Crisscross the Ends: Crisscross the ends of the rows to create a stable stack.
3. Stack Tightly: Stack the firewood tightly within each row to prevent it from settling.

Stacking Patterns:

• Traditional Row Stacking: Simple and effective for most firewood types.
• Holz Hausen: A circular stacking method that promotes excellent air circulation and drying. (Requires more space and effort.)

Monitoring Moisture Content

Monitoring the moisture content of your firewood is crucial for ensuring optimal burning.

1. Use a Moisture Meter: Use a moisture meter to measure the moisture content of the firewood. Aim for a moisture content of 20% or less.
2. Test Different Pieces: Test several pieces of firewood from different parts of the stack to get an accurate reading.
3. Adjust Storage as Needed: If the moisture content is too high, adjust the storage conditions to promote drying. This might involve increasing ventilation or moving the firewood to a sunnier location.

Moisture Content Guidelines:

Protecting Firewood from Pests

Protecting your firewood from pests is essential for preserving its quality.

1. Store Firewood Away from Your Home: Store firewood at least 20 feet away from your home to prevent insects from entering your house.
2. Remove Bark (Optional): Removing the bark from the firewood can help reduce the risk of insect infestation.
3. Use Insecticides (Caution): Use insecticides sparingly and only as a last resort. Choose insecticides that are specifically designed for firewood and follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.

Pest Control Tips:

• Inspect firewood regularly for signs of insect infestation.
• Remove any infested firewood immediately.
• Consider using a natural insecticide, such as diatomaceous earth.

Safety Considerations

Safety should always be a top priority when building and using a woodshed.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Always wear appropriate PPE when working with wood or power tools.

• Safety Glasses: Protect your eyes from flying debris.
• Gloves: Protect your hands from splinters and cuts.
• Hearing Protection: Protect your ears from the noise of power tools.
• Steel-Toed Boots: Protect your feet from falling objects.

Tool Safety

Follow these safety guidelines when using power tools.

• Read the Manual: Read and understand the manufacturer’s instructions before using any power tool.
• Use the Right Tool: Use the right tool for the job.
• Maintain Your Tools: Keep your tools in good working condition.
• Unplug Tools When Not in Use: Unplug power tools when you’re not using them.

Fire Safety

Take precautions to prevent fires when storing and using firewood.

• Keep Firewood Away from Heat Sources: Keep firewood away from heat sources, such as furnaces, water heaters, and fireplaces.
• Install Smoke Detectors: Install smoke detectors in your home and test them regularly.
• Have a Fire Extinguisher: Keep a fire extinguisher readily available.
• Clear Brush Around the Woodshed: Clear brush and vegetation around the woodshed to prevent the spread of fire.

Safety Codes and Standards:

• OSHA Regulations: Follow OSHA regulations for construction and woodworking safety.
• Local Building Codes: Comply with local building codes for woodshed construction.
• NFPA Standards: Adhere to NFPA standards for fire safety.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Even with careful planning, you might encounter issues during the construction or use of your woodshed. Here are some common problems and solutions.

Moisture Buildup

• Problem: Firewood is not drying properly and has a high moisture content.
• Solution: Increase ventilation by adding more vents or leaving larger gaps in the siding. Move the firewood to a sunnier location. Ensure the firewood is elevated off the ground.

Structural Instability

• Problem: The woodshed is wobbly or unstable.
• Solution: Reinforce the frame by adding more studs or braces. Ensure the foundation is level and stable. Consider anchoring the woodshed to the ground.

Pest Infestation

• Problem: Firewood is infested with insects.
• Solution: Remove the infested firewood immediately. Treat the remaining firewood with an insecticide. Store firewood away from your home.

Roof Leaks

• Problem: The roof is leaking.
• Solution: Inspect the roofing material for damage and repair or replace as needed. Seal the edges of the roofing with caulk or flashing. Ensure the roof has adequate slope for water runoff.

Cost Analysis

Building a woodshed involves various costs, including materials, tools, and labor. Here’s a breakdown of typical expenses:

Estimated Costs (based on an 8’x8′ Woodshed):

Cost-Saving Tips:

• Use Reclaimed Materials: Consider using reclaimed lumber or siding to reduce costs.
• Shop Around for Materials: Compare prices from different suppliers to find the best deals.
• Build It Yourself: Save on labor costs by building the woodshed yourself.
• Start Small: Begin with a smaller woodshed and expand it as needed.

Case Study: My Cedar Woodshed Project

Several years ago, I decided to build a woodshed specifically for storing cedar firewood. I live in a region where cedar is readily available, and I appreciate its ease of splitting and pleasant aroma when burned. However, I found that even cedar benefited significantly from proper drying and storage.

Project Details:

• Size: 10 feet wide, 8 feet deep, 6 feet high
• Materials: Pressure-treated lumber for the frame, cedar siding, metal roofing, gravel foundation
• Ventilation: Gaps between siding boards, vents near the top of the woodshed

Challenges:

• Limited Space: I had a relatively small area to work with, so I had to design the woodshed to maximize storage capacity while minimizing its footprint.
• Moisture Control: Our region experiences high humidity, so I had to ensure adequate ventilation to prevent moisture buildup.

Solutions:

• Vertical Stacking: I stacked the cedar firewood vertically to maximize storage capacity.
• Strategic Vent Placement: I placed vents near the top of the woodshed to allow hot, moist air to escape.
• Elevated Base: I elevated the woodshed on a gravel base to prevent ground moisture from wicking into the firewood.

Results:

The cedar firewood dried much faster in the woodshed compared to being stored outdoors. The firewood burned cleaner and produced more heat, and I noticed a significant reduction in creosote buildup in my chimney. The woodshed has proven to be a valuable investment, providing a convenient and efficient way to store and season cedar firewood.

Conclusion

Building a woodshed for storing cedar firewood is a worthwhile project for anyone who relies on wood for heating. By following the guidelines and tips outlined in this guide, you can build a woodshed that not only protects your firewood from the elements but also enhances your wood-burning experience. Remember to prioritize safety, plan carefully, and choose quality materials. With a little effort, you can create a woodshed that will provide years of reliable service.

As I look back on my own woodshed projects, I’m reminded of the satisfaction that comes from building something with my own hands. A well-built woodshed is more than just a storage structure; it’s a testament to self-sufficiency and a connection to the natural world. So, grab your tools, gather your materials, and embark on the journey of building your perfect woodshed. You’ll be glad you did.

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