Stihl Ripping Chain 20 Inch (5 Pro Tips For Efficient Milling)

Alright, let’s dive into the world of chainsaw milling with a Stihl and a ripping chain. My aim is to help you mill efficiently and safely, transforming logs into valuable lumber. We’ll explore the technical aspects, best practices, and even some personal experiences I’ve gained over the years.

Stihl Ripping Chain 20 Inch: 5 Pro Tips for Efficient Milling

Before we get started, I want to address the elephant in the room: budget. Milling setups can range from affordable to incredibly expensive. I always say, start where you are. You don’t need the fanciest equipment to get started. Consider these options:

Entry-Level (Under \$500): A basic chainsaw mill attachment, a ripping chain, and essential safety gear. This is perfect for small projects and learning the ropes.
Mid-Range (\$500 – \$1500): A better-quality chainsaw mill, a more robust ripping chain, and improved safety equipment. You might also consider a dedicated milling chainsaw.
High-End (\$1500+): A professional-grade chainsaw mill, a high-performance chainsaw specifically for milling, and top-of-the-line safety gear. This is for serious milling operations.

Now, let’s get into the meat of things.

Understanding Ripping Chains: The Key to Efficient Milling

What Makes a Ripping Chain Different?

A standard chainsaw chain is designed for cross-cutting – slicing perpendicular to the wood grain. A ripping chain, however, is engineered to cut parallel to the grain. This requires a different tooth geometry.

Lower Cutter Angle: Ripping chains typically have a 0-10 degree cutter angle compared to the 25-35 degree angle of cross-cut chains. This shallower angle allows the chain to shave the wood fibers along the grain rather than tear them.
Full Chisel Cutters: Most ripping chains use full chisel cutters, which have square corners for aggressive cutting. Some prefer semi-chisel for their durability when milling dirty logs.
Chain Construction: Ripping chains are often constructed with a higher number of cutting teeth per length to provide a smoother, more consistent cut.

Why a Stihl Ripping Chain?

Stihl is a reputable brand known for its quality and durability. Their ripping chains are designed to hold an edge longer and withstand the rigors of milling. In my experience, a well-maintained Stihl ripping chain can make a significant difference in milling speed and lumber quality.

Durability: Stihl chains are made from high-quality steel, providing excellent wear resistance. I once milled an entire oak log (about 20 inches in diameter and 10 feet long) with a single Stihl ripping chain before needing to sharpen it.
Performance: The precision grinding of Stihl chains ensures a smooth, consistent cut, reducing the need for excessive sanding later.
Availability: Stihl chains are widely available, making it easy to find replacements when needed.

Technical Specifications: Stihl Ripping Chain (20 Inch)

Let’s break down the technical specifications of a typical 20-inch Stihl ripping chain:

Chain Pitch: Typically 3/8″ (This refers to the distance between three rivets divided by two.)
Chain Gauge: Typically .050″ or .063″ (This is the thickness of the drive links that fit into the guide bar groove.)
Number of Drive Links: Approximately 72 (This number will vary depending on the specific chainsaw model.)
Cutter Type: Full Chisel or Semi-Chisel
Cutter Angle: 0-10 degrees
Recommended File Size: 5/32″ or 13/64″ (For sharpening the cutters)

Important Note: Always consult your chainsaw manual to determine the correct chain pitch, gauge, and number of drive links for your specific model. Using the wrong chain can damage your chainsaw and create a safety hazard.

Pro Tip #1: Mastering Chain Sharpening for Milling

Sharpening your ripping chain correctly is the most crucial factor for efficient milling. A dull chain will produce rough cuts, waste time, and put unnecessary strain on your chainsaw.

The Importance of Consistent Angles

When sharpening a ripping chain, maintaining consistent angles is paramount. This ensures that each cutter is cutting efficiently and evenly.

Top Plate Angle: Maintain a consistent top plate angle (typically around 10 degrees) using a file guide.
Side Plate Angle: The side plate angle is determined by the file guide. Ensure the file sits flush against the side plate.
Depth Gauge (Rakers): Lower the depth gauges (rakers) slightly to ensure the cutters can bite into the wood. I usually lower them by about .025″ for softwood and .020″ for hardwood.

Sharpening Procedure: Step-by-Step

Secure the Chain: Use a vise to hold the chainsaw bar securely.
Clean the Chain: Remove any dirt or debris from the chain with a wire brush.
Sharpen Each Cutter: Using a round file and a file guide, sharpen each cutter individually. File from the inside of the cutter outwards, maintaining consistent angles.
Lower the Depth Gauges: Use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to lower the depth gauges.
Check Your Work: Visually inspect each cutter to ensure it is sharp and consistent.

Personal Experience: The “Paper Test”

One trick I learned from an old-timer is the “paper test.” After sharpening, carefully run the cutter across the edge of a piece of paper. If the cutter snags and tears the paper, it’s sharp. If it slides smoothly, it needs more work.

Data Point: Sharpening Frequency

The frequency of sharpening depends on the type of wood you’re milling and the condition of the logs. As a general rule, sharpen your chain after every 1-2 hours of milling. Milling dirty logs will dull the chain much faster.

A powerful, well-maintained chainsaw is essential for efficient milling.

Chainsaw Power and Displacement

For milling, I recommend a chainsaw with a displacement of at least 70cc. Larger logs (over 24 inches in diameter) may require a chainsaw with 90cc or more.

70cc Chainsaw: Suitable for logs up to 24 inches in diameter.
90cc+ Chainsaw: Suitable for logs over 24 inches in diameter.

Chainsaw Modifications (Optional)

Some millers choose to modify their chainsaws for improved performance. These modifications may include:

Porting: Modifying the intake and exhaust ports to increase airflow and power.
Muffler Modification: Modifying the muffler to reduce backpressure and increase power.
Carburetor Adjustment: Adjusting the carburetor to optimize fuel mixture for milling.

Important Note: Modifying your chainsaw may void the warranty. Proceed with caution and consult with a qualified mechanic.

Chainsaw Maintenance: A Must

Regular chainsaw maintenance is crucial for reliable performance. This includes:

Air Filter Cleaning: Clean the air filter regularly to ensure proper airflow.
Spark Plug Inspection: Inspect the spark plug for wear and replace it as needed.
Fuel Filter Replacement: Replace the fuel filter regularly to prevent fuel starvation.
Bar and Chain Oiling: Ensure the bar and chain are properly lubricated to reduce friction and wear. I prefer using a high-quality bar and chain oil specifically designed for milling.
Chain Tension: Maintain proper chain tension to prevent the chain from derailing or binding.

Data Point: Optimal Chain Speed

Optimal chain speed for milling varies depending on the type of wood and the size of the log. As a general rule, aim for a chain speed that is fast enough to cut efficiently but slow enough to prevent overheating. I find that a chain speed of around 4,000-5,000 feet per minute (FPM) works well for most milling applications.

Pro Tip #3: Choosing the Right Milling Attachment

The milling attachment is what guides your chainsaw and ensures a straight, consistent cut. There are several types of milling attachments available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Types of Milling Attachments

Alaskan Mill: This is the most common type of milling attachment. It clamps onto the chainsaw bar and uses a ladder-like frame to guide the cut. Alaskan mills are relatively inexpensive and versatile.
Edging Mill: This type of mill attaches to the side of the log and is used to create flat edges. Edging mills are useful for squaring up logs before milling them into lumber.
Slabbing Mill: This type of mill is designed to cut thick slabs of wood. Slabbing mills are often used to create unique furniture pieces or architectural elements.

Selecting the Right Mill for Your Needs

Consider the following factors when choosing a milling attachment:

Log Size: Choose a mill that is large enough to accommodate the logs you plan to mill.
Budget: Milling attachments range in price from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars.
Ease of Use: Some milling attachments are easier to set up and use than others.
Portability: If you plan to mill logs in remote locations, choose a lightweight and portable mill.

My Recommendation: The Alaskan Mill

For most hobbyists and small-scale millers, I recommend the Alaskan mill. It’s affordable, versatile, and relatively easy to use. I’ve used an Alaskan mill for years and have been able to produce high-quality lumber with it.

Technical Specifications: Alaskan Mill

Maximum Log Diameter: Varies depending on the model (typically 36″ – 48″)
Material: Aluminum or Steel
Weight: Varies depending on the model (typically 20-40 lbs)
Attachment Method: Clamps onto the chainsaw bar

Setting Up Your Alaskan Mill

Setting up your Alaskan mill correctly is crucial for accurate cuts. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Attach the Mill to the Chainsaw: Clamp the mill onto the chainsaw bar, ensuring it is securely fastened.
Adjust the Height: Adjust the height of the mill to the desired thickness of the lumber.
Level the Mill: Use a level to ensure the mill is perfectly level.
Secure the Guide Rails: Attach guide rails to the log to provide a straight and consistent cutting surface.

Case Study: Milling a Black Walnut Log

I once used an Alaskan mill to mill a large black walnut log into lumber for a dining table. The log was about 30 inches in diameter and 12 feet long. It took me about two days to mill the entire log, but the resulting lumber was absolutely stunning. The black walnut lumber was highly figured and had a rich, dark color.

Pro Tip #4: Mastering Milling Techniques for Smooth Cuts

Milling is more than just running a chainsaw through a log. It’s about understanding the wood, the tools, and the techniques that produce the best results.

The Importance of a Sharp Chain (Again!)

I can’t stress this enough: a sharp chain is essential for smooth cuts. A dull chain will produce rough, uneven cuts that require a lot of sanding.

Cutting Speed and Feed Rate

The cutting speed and feed rate are crucial for achieving smooth cuts.

Cutting Speed: The cutting speed refers to the speed at which the chain is moving.
Feed Rate: The feed rate refers to the speed at which you are pushing the chainsaw through the log.

The ideal cutting speed and feed rate will vary depending on the type of wood, the size of the log, and the sharpness of the chain. As a general rule, aim for a consistent feed rate that allows the chain to cut smoothly without bogging down.

Avoiding “Washboarding”

“Washboarding” refers to the uneven surface that can result from inconsistent feed rates. To avoid washboarding, maintain a steady and consistent feed rate throughout the cut.

Using Wedges

Wedges are essential for preventing the log from pinching the chain. Insert wedges into the cut behind the chainsaw to keep the kerf (the width of the cut) open. I typically use two or three wedges, depending on the size of the log.

Milling Patterns

There are several different milling patterns you can use, depending on the size and shape of the log.

Live Edge Slabs: This pattern involves cutting parallel slabs from the log, leaving the natural edge intact. Live edge slabs are popular for creating unique furniture pieces.
Dimensional Lumber: This pattern involves cutting the log into standard lumber sizes (e.g., 2×4, 2×6, 4×4).
Quartersawing: This pattern involves cutting the log into quarters and then milling each quarter into lumber. Quartersawing produces lumber with a straight grain pattern that is highly resistant to warping.

Data Point: Kerf Width

The kerf width is the width of the cut produced by the chainsaw. A typical chainsaw kerf width is around 1/4 inch. This means that you will lose about 1/4 inch of wood for every cut you make.

Pro Tip #5: Safety First: Protecting Yourself and Others

Milling is a dangerous activity that requires careful attention to safety. Always wear appropriate safety gear and follow safe milling practices.

Essential Safety Gear

Chainsaw Helmet: A chainsaw helmet provides protection for your head, face, and ears.
Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes from flying debris.
Hearing Protection: Wear earplugs or earmuffs to protect your hearing from the loud noise of the chainsaw.
Chainsaw Chaps: Chainsaw chaps provide protection for your legs in case the chain kicks back.
Gloves: Wear gloves to protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.
Steel-Toed Boots: Wear steel-toed boots to protect your feet from falling logs and other hazards.

Safe Milling Practices

Clear the Work Area: Clear the work area of any obstacles or hazards.
Inspect Your Equipment: Inspect your chainsaw and milling attachment before each use.
Start the Chainsaw on the Ground: Never start the chainsaw in the air.
Use Proper Body Positioning: Keep your body balanced and avoid reaching or overextending.
Be Aware of Kickback: Kickback is a sudden and dangerous reaction that can occur when the chainsaw chain comes into contact with a solid object. Be aware of the potential for kickback and take steps to avoid it.
Never Mill Alone: Always mill with a partner in case of an emergency.
Take Breaks: Milling can be physically demanding. Take frequent breaks to avoid fatigue.

First Aid Kit

Keep a well-stocked first aid kit on hand in case of an accident. Include items such as bandages, antiseptic wipes, pain relievers, and a tourniquet.

Emergency Plan

Develop an emergency plan in case of an accident. This plan should include:

Contact Information: Keep a list of emergency contact numbers on hand.
Location Information: Know your exact location so you can provide it to emergency responders.
Communication Method: Have a reliable method of communication, such as a cell phone or a two-way radio.

Data Point: Chainsaw Injury Statistics

According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, chainsaws cause approximately 36,000 injuries each year in the United States. Many of these injuries could be prevented by wearing appropriate safety gear and following safe operating procedures.

Wood Selection and Preparation: The Foundation of Quality Lumber

Understanding Wood Properties

Different wood species have different properties that affect their suitability for milling.

Hardwoods: Hardwoods are generally denser and stronger than softwoods. They are also more resistant to decay and insects. Common hardwoods include oak, maple, walnut, and cherry.
Softwoods: Softwoods are generally less dense and weaker than hardwoods. They are also more susceptible to decay and insects. Common softwoods include pine, fir, cedar, and redwood.

Moisture Content

The moisture content of the wood is a critical factor in determining its stability and workability.

Green Wood: Green wood is freshly cut wood that has a high moisture content (typically over 30%). Green wood is easier to mill than dry wood, but it is more prone to warping and cracking as it dries.
Air-Dried Wood: Air-dried wood has been allowed to dry naturally in the air. Air-dried wood typically has a moisture content of 12-18%.
Kiln-Dried Wood: Kiln-dried wood has been dried in a kiln to a specific moisture content (typically 6-8%). Kiln-dried wood is the most stable and predictable type of wood.

Drying Lumber

Drying lumber properly is essential for preventing warping, cracking, and decay.

Air Drying: Air drying is the most common method of drying lumber. To air dry lumber, stack the boards with stickers (thin strips of wood) between them to allow air to circulate. The drying time will vary depending on the species of wood, the thickness of the boards, and the climate.
Kiln Drying: Kiln drying is a faster and more controlled method of drying lumber. Kiln drying involves heating the lumber in a kiln to a specific temperature and humidity level.

Technical Specifications: Moisture Content

Green Wood: >30%
Air-Dried Wood: 12-18%
Kiln-Dried Wood: 6-8%

Data Point: Wood Shrinkage

Wood shrinks as it dries. The amount of shrinkage varies depending on the species of wood and the direction of the grain. As a general rule, wood shrinks about 4-8% in width and 2-4% in thickness as it dries from green to air-dried.

Troubleshooting Common Milling Problems

Chain Binding

Chain binding occurs when the log pinches the chain, causing it to slow down or stop.

Cause: Insufficient wedges, dull chain, or improper chain tension.
Solution: Insert more wedges, sharpen the chain, or adjust the chain tension.

Washboarding

Washboarding occurs when the surface of the lumber is uneven and has a wavy appearance.

Cause: Inconsistent feed rate, dull chain, or improper milling technique.
Solution: Maintain a consistent feed rate, sharpen the chain, or improve your milling technique.

Overheating

Overheating occurs when the chainsaw engine becomes too hot.

Cause: Insufficient lubrication, clogged air filter, or excessive milling.
Solution: Ensure proper lubrication, clean the air filter, or take breaks to allow the engine to cool down.

Uneven Cuts

Uneven cuts occur when the lumber is not uniform in thickness.

Cause: Improper mill setup, loose mill components, or inconsistent milling technique.
Solution: Ensure the mill is properly set up, tighten any loose components, or improve your milling technique.

Final Thoughts

Milling with a Stihl chainsaw and a ripping chain can be a rewarding experience. By following these pro tips and paying attention to safety, you can produce high-quality lumber for a variety of projects. Remember to always prioritize safety, maintain your equipment, and practice your milling techniques. With a little patience and perseverance, you’ll be milling like a pro in no time. Good luck, and happy milling!