Stihl MS311 Chainsaw Maintenance Tips (5 Pro Woodcutting Hacks)

As the crisp autumn air begins to bite and the leaves crunch underfoot, my thoughts, like many others, turn to the essential task of preparing for winter. For me, that means ensuring a steady supply of firewood to keep my home warm and cozy through the long, cold months. And at the heart of my firewood operation is my trusty Stihl MS311 chainsaw. It’s a workhorse, but like any machine, it needs regular care and attention to keep it running smoothly and safely. Over the years, I’ve learned a few tricks and hacks to maximize its performance and longevity. These are the insights that come from years of felling trees, bucking logs, and splitting wood. Let me share my experience with you.

Stihl MS311 Chainsaw Maintenance Tips: 5 Pro Woodcutting Hacks

The Stihl MS311 is a mid-range chainsaw designed for both homeowners and professionals who need a reliable tool for various woodcutting tasks. This chainsaw is known for its balance of power, weight, and durability, making it suitable for felling small to medium-sized trees, limbing, and cutting firewood.

Understanding Your Stihl MS311

Before diving into maintenance, it’s crucial to understand what makes the MS311 tick. This chainsaw typically features a 59 cc engine, delivering ample power for most common woodcutting tasks. It also incorporates Stihl’s anti-vibration system, which reduces operator fatigue, and a side-access chain tensioner for easy adjustments.

Key Specifications:

Engine Displacement: 59 cc
Power Output: Around 3.8 bhp (brake horsepower)
Weight: Approximately 12.3 lbs (without bar and chain)
Guide Bar Length: Typically available in 16″, 18″, and 20″ options

Why Regular Maintenance Matters:

Regular maintenance is not just about keeping your chainsaw running; it’s about safety, efficiency, and extending the life of your investment. A well-maintained chainsaw starts easier, cuts faster, and is less likely to break down in the middle of a job. Plus, a sharp chain and properly functioning safety features are crucial for preventing accidents.

Hack #1: Mastering the Art of Chain Sharpening

A dull chain is the bane of any woodcutter’s existence. It not only makes the job harder and slower but also increases the risk of kickback, a dangerous situation where the saw abruptly jumps back towards the operator.

Why Chain Sharpening is Critical:

A sharp chain bites into the wood cleanly and efficiently, reducing the amount of force required to make a cut. This not only saves you energy but also reduces wear and tear on the chainsaw’s engine and components. A dull chain, on the other hand, forces you to apply more pressure, which can overheat the engine and lead to premature failure.

The Anatomy of a Chainsaw Chain:

To understand how to sharpen a chain effectively, it’s essential to know its basic components:

Cutters: These are the teeth that do the actual cutting. Each cutter has a top plate and a side plate, which form the cutting edges.
Depth Gauges (Rakers): These control the depth of each cut. They sit slightly lower than the cutters and determine how much wood each cutter can remove.
Tie Straps: These connect the cutters and depth gauges, forming the chain.
Drive Links: These fit into the guide bar groove and are driven by the chainsaw’s sprocket.

Tools You’ll Need:

Chainsaw File: This is a round file specifically designed for sharpening chainsaw chains. The size of the file depends on the chain’s pitch (the distance between the chain’s rivets). For the MS311, a 5/32″ or 4.8 mm file is typically appropriate.
File Guide: This tool helps you maintain the correct sharpening angle and depth. It clamps onto the chain and guides the file, ensuring consistent results.
Depth Gauge Tool: This is a flat file and a gauge used to adjust the height of the depth gauges.
Vise: A small vise to hold the chainsaw bar steady while you sharpen the chain.
Gloves: To protect your hands from sharp edges.
Eye Protection: To shield your eyes from metal filings.

Step-by-Step Sharpening Guide:

Secure the Chainsaw: Place the chainsaw on a stable surface and secure the bar in a vise. This will prevent the saw from moving while you sharpen the chain.
Identify the Most Worn Cutter: Examine the chain and find the cutter that is most worn or damaged. This will be your reference point for sharpening the rest of the chain.
Set the File Guide: Place the file guide on the chain, aligning it with the cutter. The guide should indicate the correct sharpening angle, which is typically around 30 degrees for most chainsaw chains.
Sharpen the Cutter: Hold the file firmly and push it across the cutter’s top plate, following the angle of the file guide. Use smooth, even strokes, applying light pressure. Sharpen each cutter with the same number of strokes to ensure consistent results. Usually, 3-5 strokes are sufficient.
Repeat for All Cutters: Move along the chain, sharpening each cutter in the same way. Be sure to maintain the same angle and number of strokes for each cutter.
Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening all the cutters, use the depth gauge tool to check the height of the depth gauges. If they are too high, file them down until they are level with the gauge.
Test the Chain: Once you’ve sharpened the entire chain and adjusted the depth gauges, test it by cutting a small piece of wood. The chain should bite into the wood aggressively and produce large, uniform chips.

Tips for Effective Chain Sharpening:

Maintain the Correct Angle: The sharpening angle is crucial for achieving optimal cutting performance. Use a file guide to ensure you maintain the correct angle.
Use Light Pressure: Applying too much pressure can damage the cutter and make it difficult to achieve a sharp edge. Use light, even strokes.
Sharpen Regularly: Don’t wait until the chain is completely dull to sharpen it. Sharpen the chain after every few hours of use, or whenever you notice a decrease in cutting performance.
Keep Your Tools Clean: Clean your files and file guide regularly to remove metal filings and debris. This will help them last longer and perform better.
Consider a Chainsaw Sharpener: If you sharpen your chainsaw frequently, consider investing in a chainsaw sharpener. These tools can make the job faster and easier, and they can also help you achieve more consistent results.

My Personal Experience:

I remember one particularly cold winter when I was cutting firewood for a neighbor. I had been using my MS311 for several hours, and the chain had become quite dull. I was starting to get frustrated, as the saw was struggling to cut through the wood. I decided to take a break and sharpen the chain. After spending about 15 minutes sharpening the cutters and adjusting the depth gauges, I went back to work. The difference was remarkable. The chainsaw bit into the wood effortlessly, and I was able to finish the job in no time. That experience taught me the importance of regular chain sharpening.

Takeaway: A sharp chain is essential for safe and efficient woodcutting. Learn how to sharpen your chain properly and make it a regular part of your chainsaw maintenance routine.

Hack #2: The Importance of Proper Chain and Bar Lubrication

A well-lubricated chain and bar are crucial for reducing friction, preventing wear, and extending the life of your chainsaw.

Why Lubrication Matters:

The chain and bar are subjected to intense friction during operation. Without proper lubrication, this friction can cause excessive wear, overheating, and even damage to the chainsaw’s engine. Lubrication reduces friction, allowing the chain to move smoothly and efficiently. It also helps to dissipate heat, preventing the bar and chain from overheating.

Choosing the Right Bar and Chain Oil:

Viscosity: The oil should be viscous enough to cling to the chain and bar, even at high speeds.
Tackiness: The oil should be tacky enough to resist being thrown off by centrifugal force.
Additives: Look for oils that contain additives to prevent rust, corrosion, and foaming.
Biodegradability: Consider using a biodegradable oil, especially if you are working in environmentally sensitive areas.

My Recommendation:

I personally prefer using Stihl bar and chain oil, as it is specifically formulated for their chainsaws. However, other high-quality bar and chain oils from reputable brands like Oregon and Husqvarna are also good choices.

Checking and Filling the Oil Reservoir:

Frequency: Check the oil level before each use and refill as needed.
Procedure: Remove the oil cap and check the level. If it is low, add oil until it reaches the full mark. Be careful not to overfill.
Cleanliness: Keep the oil reservoir clean to prevent contaminants from entering the oil system.

Adjusting the Oiler:

Most chainsaws have an adjustable oiler that allows you to control the amount of oil delivered to the chain and bar.

Procedure: Locate the oiler adjustment screw, which is usually located near the bar mount. Use a screwdriver to adjust the screw. Turning the screw clockwise will decrease the oil flow, while turning it counterclockwise will increase the oil flow.
Testing: To test the oil flow, start the chainsaw and hold it over a piece of cardboard. The chainsaw should leave a visible trail of oil on the cardboard. If the trail is too light or nonexistent, increase the oil flow. If the trail is too heavy, decrease the oil flow.
Environmental Factors: Adjust the oiler according to the type of wood you are cutting and the ambient temperature. Hardwoods and hot weather require more oil, while softwoods and cold weather require less oil.

Cleaning the Bar and Chain:

Frequency: Clean the bar and chain regularly, especially after cutting dirty or resinous wood.
Procedure: Remove the chain from the bar and clean both with a brush and solvent. Pay particular attention to the bar groove and the oil holes, which can become clogged with debris.
Bar Rail Maintenance: Check the bar rails for wear and damage. If the rails are worn or uneven, they can cause the chain to bind or jump off the bar. Use a bar rail dressing tool to restore the rails to their proper shape.

My Personal Experience:

I once neglected to check the oil level in my MS311 before starting a big firewood project. I was cutting through some particularly tough oak logs when I noticed the chain was starting to smoke. I immediately stopped the saw and checked the oil level. To my horror, the reservoir was completely empty. I had been running the saw without lubrication for quite some time, and the bar and chain were extremely hot. I let the saw cool down and then filled the oil reservoir. Fortunately, I caught the problem before any serious damage occurred. However, I learned a valuable lesson that day: always check the oil level before using your chainsaw.

Takeaway: Proper chain and bar lubrication is essential for preventing wear, reducing friction, and extending the life of your chainsaw. Check the oil level before each use, adjust the oiler according to the type of wood you are cutting, and clean the bar and chain regularly.

Hack #3: Air Filter Maintenance: Breathe Easy, Cut Better

A clean air filter is essential for ensuring proper engine performance and preventing damage.

Why Air Filter Maintenance Matters:

The air filter prevents dirt, dust, and debris from entering the engine. A dirty air filter restricts airflow, which can lead to a variety of problems, including:

Reduced Power: The engine won’t be able to produce its full power.
Poor Fuel Economy: The engine will have to work harder to produce the same amount of power, resulting in increased fuel consumption.
Overheating: The engine may overheat due to restricted airflow.
Engine Damage: Dirt and debris can damage the engine’s internal components.

Types of Air Filters:

Foam Filters: These are the most common type of air filter used in chainsaws. They are relatively inexpensive and easy to clean.
Felt Filters: These filters offer better filtration than foam filters, but they are also more expensive and require more frequent cleaning.
Paper Filters: These filters offer the best filtration, but they are also the most expensive and delicate. They are typically used in high-performance chainsaws.

Cleaning the Air Filter:

Frequency: Clean the air filter after every 5-10 hours of use, or more frequently if you are working in dusty conditions.
Procedure:
1. Remove the air filter cover.
2. Remove the air filter.
3. Inspect the filter for damage. If it is torn or damaged, replace it.
4. Clean the filter by tapping it gently to remove loose dirt and debris.
5. Wash the filter in warm, soapy water.
6. Rinse the filter thoroughly with clean water.
7. Allow the filter to air dry completely before reinstalling it.
8. If you are using a foam filter, you can also oil it lightly with air filter oil. This will help to trap dirt and debris.

My Personal Experience:

I once ignored the air filter on my MS311 for far too long. I was cutting firewood in a very dusty area, and the filter quickly became clogged with dirt and debris. I noticed that the chainsaw was starting to lose power and was running rough. I finally decided to check the air filter, and I was shocked at how dirty it was. I cleaned the filter thoroughly, and the chainsaw immediately started running much better. That experience taught me the importance of regular air filter maintenance.

Takeaway: A clean air filter is essential for ensuring proper engine performance and preventing damage. Clean the air filter regularly, and replace it if it is damaged.

Hack #4: Spark Plug Savvy: Igniting Performance

The spark plug is responsible for igniting the fuel-air mixture in the engine. A faulty spark plug can cause a variety of problems, including hard starting, poor performance, and misfires.

Why Spark Plug Maintenance Matters:

Over time, the spark plug can become fouled with carbon deposits, which can reduce its ability to ignite the fuel-air mixture. The spark plug gap (the distance between the electrode and the ground electrode) can also widen over time, which can also affect performance.

Inspecting the Spark Plug:

Frequency: Inspect the spark plug after every 25 hours of use, or more frequently if you are experiencing problems.
Procedure:
1. Remove the spark plug boot.
2. Use a spark plug wrench to remove the spark plug.
3. Inspect the spark plug for damage or wear. Look for cracks, chips, or excessive carbon deposits.
4. Check the spark plug gap using a spark plug gap tool. The correct gap for the MS311 is typically around 0.020 inches (0.5 mm).
5. If the spark plug is fouled with carbon deposits, clean it with a wire brush or spark plug cleaner.
6. If the spark plug is damaged or worn, replace it with a new one.

Replacing the Spark Plug:

Procedure:
1. Remove the old spark plug.
2. Install the new spark plug, tightening it to the manufacturer’s specifications.
3. Reinstall the spark plug boot.

My Personal Experience:

I once had a problem with my MS311 where it was very difficult to start. I tried everything I could think of, but nothing seemed to work. Finally, I decided to check the spark plug. When I removed the spark plug, I noticed that it was heavily fouled with carbon deposits. I cleaned the spark plug with a wire brush and reinstalled it. The chainsaw started right up and ran perfectly. That experience taught me the importance of spark plug maintenance.

Takeaway: A properly functioning spark plug is essential for ensuring reliable engine performance. Inspect the spark plug regularly, clean it if necessary, and replace it if it is damaged or worn.

Hack #5: Fuel System Finesse: Ensuring a Smooth Flow

The fuel system is responsible for delivering fuel to the engine. A clogged fuel filter or a dirty carburetor can cause a variety of problems, including hard starting, poor performance, and stalling.

Why Fuel System Maintenance Matters:

Over time, the fuel filter can become clogged with debris, which can restrict fuel flow. The carburetor can also become dirty or gummed up, which can affect its ability to properly mix the fuel and air.

Fuel Filter Maintenance:

Frequency: Replace the fuel filter after every 100 hours of use, or more frequently if you are using low-quality fuel.
Procedure:
1. Locate the fuel filter inside the fuel tank. It is usually attached to the end of the fuel line.
2. Use a hook or wire to pull the fuel filter out of the tank.
3. Disconnect the fuel filter from the fuel line.
4. Install the new fuel filter, making sure to connect it to the fuel line securely.
5. Reinsert the fuel filter into the fuel tank.

Carburetor Cleaning:

Frequency: Clean the carburetor if you are experiencing problems such as hard starting, poor performance, or stalling.
Procedure:
1. Remove the air filter.
2. Remove the carburetor cover.
3. Disconnect the fuel lines from the carburetor.
4. Remove the carburetor from the engine.
5. Disassemble the carburetor, taking care to note the location of all the parts.
6. Clean all the carburetor parts with carburetor cleaner.
7. Reassemble the carburetor, making sure to install all the parts in their correct locations.
8. Reinstall the carburetor on the engine.
9. Reconnect the fuel lines to the carburetor.
10. Reinstall the carburetor cover.
11. Reinstall the air filter.

Using Fresh Fuel:

Importance: Always use fresh, high-quality fuel in your chainsaw. Old or stale fuel can cause a variety of problems, including hard starting, poor performance, and engine damage.
Storage: Store fuel in a clean, airtight container. Add a fuel stabilizer to the fuel to prevent it from going stale.
Mixing: When mixing fuel and oil for your chainsaw, always use the correct ratio recommended by the manufacturer. Using the wrong ratio can damage the engine.

My Personal Experience:

I once had a problem with my MS311 where it was stalling frequently. I checked the fuel filter and found that it was clogged with debris. I replaced the fuel filter, but the problem persisted. I then decided to clean the carburetor. When I disassembled the carburetor, I found that it was heavily gummed up with old fuel. I cleaned the carburetor thoroughly with carburetor cleaner and reassembled it. The chainsaw ran perfectly after that. That experience taught me the importance of fuel system maintenance.

Takeaway: A clean and properly functioning fuel system is essential for ensuring reliable engine performance. Replace the fuel filter regularly, clean the carburetor if necessary, and always use fresh, high-quality fuel.

Additional Maintenance Tips for Your Stihl MS311

Beyond the five hacks, here are some additional maintenance tips to keep your MS311 running smoothly:

Inspect the Starter Rope: Check the starter rope regularly for wear and tear. Replace it if it is frayed or damaged.
Check the Anti-Vibration System: Inspect the anti-vibration mounts regularly for damage. Replace them if they are cracked or worn.
Store Your Chainsaw Properly: When storing your chainsaw, drain the fuel tank and run the engine until it stalls. This will prevent fuel from gumming up the carburetor. Store the chainsaw in a dry, protected location.

Safety First: Always Prioritize Safe Woodcutting Practices

No amount of maintenance can compensate for unsafe operating practices. Always wear appropriate safety gear, including:

Eye Protection: Safety glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes from flying debris.
Hearing Protection: Earplugs or earmuffs to protect your hearing from the chainsaw’s noise.
Gloves: Heavy-duty gloves to protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.
Chaps: Chainsaw chaps to protect your legs from accidental cuts.
Steel-Toed Boots: Steel-toed boots to protect your feet from falling logs and other hazards.

Also, be aware of your surroundings, maintain a safe distance from others, and never operate a chainsaw when you are tired or under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Conclusion: A Well-Maintained Chainsaw for Years of Reliable Service

By following these maintenance tips and practicing safe woodcutting techniques, you can keep your Stihl MS311 chainsaw running smoothly and reliably for years to come. Remember, a well-maintained chainsaw is not only more efficient but also safer to operate. So take the time to care for your chainsaw, and it will reward you with years of reliable service.

Stihl MS311 Chainsaw Maintenance Tips (5 Pro Woodcutting Hacks)