Stihl MS290 Chain 20" Guide (5 Pro Tips For Optimal Cutting)

You’re about to unlock the full potential of your Stihl MS290 – and transform the way you cut wood forever.

I’ve spent years in the woods, from the crisp mornings in the Pacific Northwest to the humid afternoons in the Southeast, and I can tell you one thing: a chainsaw is only as good as the knowledge guiding it. The Stihl MS290 is a workhorse, a saw that’s earned its stripes in countless projects. But even the best tool needs the right touch. That’s why I’ve put together this guide, packed with pro tips to help you achieve optimal cutting performance with your 20-inch Stihl MS290. We’ll dive deep, covering everything from chain selection to advanced cutting techniques. So, grab your safety gear, fuel up your saw, and let’s get to work.

The Lay of the Land: Understanding the Wood Processing World

Before we get into the nitty-gritty of chainsaw operation, let’s take a moment to understand the broader context. The wood processing and firewood industries are undergoing significant shifts.

Global Trends: According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), global roundwood production reached 2.03 billion cubic meters in 2022. This indicates a consistently high demand for wood products, driven by construction, furniture manufacturing, and, of course, firewood. The demand for sustainably sourced wood is also on the rise, influencing logging practices and wood processing methods.
Firewood’s Enduring Appeal: Despite the rise of alternative heating sources, firewood remains a staple for many households, especially in rural areas. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that approximately 2% of U.S. households use wood as their primary heating source, with a higher percentage in the Northeast and other regions with colder climates.
The Rise of Small-Scale Operations: I’ve noticed a significant increase in the number of small-scale firewood producers and independent loggers. These individuals and businesses often face unique challenges, including limited access to capital, fluctuating market prices, and the need for efficient and safe operating practices. This guide is tailored to address those challenges, providing actionable advice that can be implemented regardless of scale.

Key Concepts: Laying the Foundation for Success

To ensure we’re all on the same page, let’s define some essential terms:

Green Wood vs. Seasoned Wood: Green wood is freshly cut wood with a high moisture content (often above 50%). Seasoned wood, on the other hand, has been dried to a moisture content of 20% or less. Seasoned wood burns more efficiently, produces less smoke, and reduces the risk of creosote buildup in chimneys.
Logging Tools: Chainsaws vs. Axes: While chainsaws are the primary tool for felling trees and bucking logs, axes still have their place. Axes are useful for splitting small logs, removing branches, and performing tasks where precision is required. I often use an axe for splitting kindling and for those awkward cuts where a chainsaw might be overkill.
Kickback: Kickback is a dangerous phenomenon that occurs when the tip of the chainsaw bar contacts a solid object or is pinched in the cut. It can cause the saw to suddenly jump back towards the operator, potentially causing serious injury. Understanding kickback and how to prevent it is crucial for safe chainsaw operation.
Bucking: Bucking refers to cutting a felled tree into shorter, more manageable lengths, typically for firewood or timber.
Felling: Felling is the process of cutting down a standing tree.

Pro Tip #1: Chain Selection – Choosing the Right Teeth for the Job

The chain is the heart of your chainsaw. Choosing the right chain can significantly impact cutting speed, efficiency, and safety. For the Stihl MS290 with a 20-inch bar, here’s what I recommend:

Types of Chains:
- Full Chisel: These chains have square-cornered teeth that provide the fastest cutting speed. They are best suited for clean wood and experienced users. I personally use full chisel chains when felling trees in areas with minimal debris.
- Semi-Chisel: These chains have rounded-cornered teeth that are more durable and forgiving than full chisel chains. They are a good choice for cutting dirty wood or for users who are less experienced. I often switch to a semi-chisel chain when bucking logs on the ground.
- Low-Profile: These chains have a smaller tooth design that reduces kickback. They are ideal for beginners and for tasks where safety is paramount.
Chain Pitch and Gauge: The pitch refers to the distance between the drive links, while the gauge refers to the thickness of the drive links. Ensure that the chain you choose is compatible with your Stihl MS290. The MS290 typically uses a 3/8″ pitch and a .050″ gauge. Always consult your owner’s manual to confirm the correct specifications.
Chain Maintenance: A sharp chain is a safe chain. Dull chains require more force to cut, increasing the risk of kickback and operator fatigue. I recommend sharpening your chain after every few hours of use, or whenever you notice a decrease in cutting performance. You can use a handheld file or a chainsaw sharpener. I prefer using a chainsaw sharpener, as it provides more consistent results.
Personal Story: I once tried to save time by using a dull chain to cut through a pile of oak logs. The saw kept bouncing back, and I ended up spending twice as long on the task. More importantly, I put myself at risk of injury. That experience taught me the importance of maintaining a sharp chain.

Data Point: Studies have shown that using a sharp chain can increase cutting efficiency by up to 30% and reduce the risk of kickback by as much as 50%.

Actionable Steps:

Determine your needs: Consider the type of wood you will be cutting and your level of experience.
Choose the appropriate chain: Select a full chisel, semi-chisel, or low-profile chain based on your needs.
Ensure compatibility: Verify that the chain pitch and gauge are compatible with your Stihl MS290.
Maintain your chain: Sharpen your chain regularly and replace it when it becomes worn.

Pro Tip #2: Mastering Cutting Techniques – Precision and Safety First

Cutting techniques are crucial for achieving optimal performance and ensuring safety. Here are some techniques I’ve found invaluable:

Felling Techniques:
1. Assess the Tree: Before felling a tree, assess its lean, branch distribution, and any potential hazards, such as power lines or nearby structures.
2. Plan Your Escape Route: Identify a clear escape route that is at a 45-degree angle away from the direction of the fall.
3. Make the Notch Cut: Cut a notch on the side of the tree facing the direction you want it to fall. The notch should be about 1/5 of the tree’s diameter.
4. Make the Back Cut: Cut from the opposite side of the tree, slightly above the notch. Leave a hinge of wood to control the direction of the fall.
5. Use Wedges: If the tree doesn’t start to fall on its own, use wedges to help push it over.
Bucking Techniques:
1. Support the Log: When bucking logs, support them to prevent the saw from pinching. You can use log jacks, sawbucks, or other logs.
2. Use the Correct Cutting Angle: Cut perpendicular to the log’s axis to ensure a clean, even cut.
3. Avoid Pinching: If the saw starts to pinch, stop cutting and use wedges to relieve the pressure.
Limbing Techniques:
1. Work from the Base to the Top: Start by removing the lower branches and work your way up the tree.
2. Use a Pulling Motion: When limbing, use a pulling motion to avoid kickback.
3. Be Aware of Spring Poles: Be cautious of branches that are under tension, as they can spring back when cut.
The Importance of Body Positioning: Always maintain a stable stance and keep both hands on the chainsaw. Avoid overreaching or cutting above shoulder height. I always tell new users to imagine a triangle, with their feet forming the base and the chainsaw at the apex. This helps maintain balance and control.
Avoiding Pinching and Kickback: Pinching occurs when the saw blade gets trapped in the cut, while kickback happens when the tip of the bar hits an object. To avoid these hazards, use proper cutting techniques, maintain a sharp chain, and be aware of your surroundings.
Personal Story: I once witnessed a logger who was so focused on speed that he neglected proper felling techniques. The tree fell in the wrong direction, narrowly missing a nearby house. That incident reinforced the importance of taking the time to do things right.

Data Point: According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), improper cutting techniques are a leading cause of chainsaw-related injuries.

Actionable Steps:

Practice felling techniques: Start with small trees in a controlled environment.
Use proper bucking techniques: Support logs to prevent pinching.
Limb trees safely: Work from the base to the top and be aware of spring poles.
Maintain a stable stance: Keep both hands on the chainsaw and avoid overreaching.
Be aware of your surroundings: Watch out for potential hazards.

Pro Tip #3: Saw Maintenance – Keeping Your MS290 in Peak Condition

Regular maintenance is essential for keeping your Stihl MS290 running smoothly and extending its lifespan. Here’s a maintenance checklist I swear by:

Daily Maintenance:
- Check the Chain Tension: The chain should be snug against the bar but still able to be pulled around by hand.
- Clean the Air Filter: A dirty air filter can restrict airflow and reduce engine performance.
- Inspect the Bar: Check the bar for wear and damage.
- Check the Chain Brake: Ensure that the chain brake is functioning properly.
Weekly Maintenance:
- Sharpen the Chain: Sharpen the chain regularly to maintain optimal cutting performance.
- Clean the Spark Plug: A dirty spark plug can cause starting problems.
- Lubricate the Bar and Chain: Use a high-quality bar and chain oil to keep the chain lubricated.
- Inspect the Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can restrict fuel flow and reduce engine performance.
Monthly Maintenance:
- Clean the Muffler: A clogged muffler can reduce engine performance.
- Inspect the Anti-Vibration System: Ensure that the anti-vibration system is functioning properly.
- Check the Carburetor: Adjust the carburetor if necessary to ensure proper fuel-air mixture.
Troubleshooting Common Issues:
- Starting Problems: Check the spark plug, fuel filter, and carburetor.
- Poor Cutting Performance: Sharpen the chain and check the air filter.
- Overheating: Clean the cooling fins and check the fuel-air mixture.
The Importance of Using the Right Fuel and Oil: Always use the fuel and oil recommended by Stihl. Using the wrong fuel or oil can damage the engine. I once used a cheap, generic oil in my MS290, and it caused significant engine damage. I learned my lesson the hard way.
Personal Story: I once neglected to clean the air filter on my chainsaw for several weeks. The saw started running poorly, and I eventually had to replace the carburetor. That experience taught me the importance of regular maintenance.

Data Point: Studies have shown that regular chainsaw maintenance can extend the life of the saw by up to 50%.

Actionable Steps:

Follow a daily maintenance checklist: Check the chain tension, clean the air filter, and inspect the bar.
Perform weekly maintenance: Sharpen the chain, clean the spark plug, and lubricate the bar and chain.
Conduct monthly maintenance: Clean the muffler, inspect the anti-vibration system, and check the carburetor.
Troubleshoot common issues: Identify and address problems promptly.
Use the right fuel and oil: Always use the fuel and oil recommended by Stihl.

Pro Tip #4: Safety First – Protecting Yourself and Others

Chainsaw operation is inherently dangerous. Safety should always be your top priority. Here are some essential safety precautions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Helmet: A helmet is essential for protecting your head from falling branches and other debris.
- Eye Protection: Safety glasses or a face shield will protect your eyes from flying chips and debris.
- Hearing Protection: Earplugs or earmuffs will protect your hearing from the loud noise of the chainsaw.
- Gloves: Gloves will protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.
- Chainsaw Chaps: Chainsaw chaps will protect your legs from cuts in the event of kickback.
- Steel-Toed Boots: Steel-toed boots will protect your feet from falling logs and other hazards.
Safe Operating Practices:
- Read the Owner’s Manual: Familiarize yourself with the chainsaw’s features and safety precautions.
- Inspect the Chainsaw: Before each use, inspect the chainsaw for any damage or wear.
- Start the Chainsaw on the Ground: Start the chainsaw on the ground, away from your body.
- Maintain a Safe Distance: Keep a safe distance from other people when operating the chainsaw.
- Never Cut Above Shoulder Height: Cutting above shoulder height can be dangerous and can lead to loss of control.
- Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Watch out for potential hazards, such as power lines, fences, and uneven terrain.
- Take Breaks: Avoid fatigue by taking regular breaks.
- Never Operate a Chainsaw Under the Influence: Operating a chainsaw under the influence of alcohol or drugs is extremely dangerous.
Emergency Procedures:
- First Aid Kit: Keep a well-stocked first aid kit on hand.
- Communication Device: Carry a cell phone or two-way radio in case of emergency.
- Emergency Contact Information: Have emergency contact information readily available.
The Importance of Training: Consider taking a chainsaw safety course. A qualified instructor can teach you safe operating practices and help you develop the skills you need to operate a chainsaw safely. I personally benefitted from a two-day safety course that covered everything from felling techniques to emergency procedures.
Personal Story: I once witnessed a worker who was not wearing chainsaw chaps. He slipped and fell, and the chainsaw came into contact with his leg. Fortunately, the injury was not serious, but it could have been much worse. That incident reinforced the importance of wearing proper PPE.

Data Point: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 30,000 people are treated in U.S. emergency rooms each year for chainsaw-related injuries.

Actionable Steps:

Wear proper PPE: Always wear a helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, chainsaw chaps, and steel-toed boots.
Follow safe operating practices: Read the owner’s manual, inspect the chainsaw, and maintain a safe distance from others.
Be aware of your surroundings: Watch out for potential hazards.
Take breaks: Avoid fatigue by taking regular breaks.
Never operate a chainsaw under the influence: Operating a chainsaw under the influence of alcohol or drugs is extremely dangerous.
Know emergency procedures: Keep a first aid kit on hand, carry a communication device, and have emergency contact information readily available.
Get training: Consider taking a chainsaw safety course.

Pro Tip #5: Wood Species and Seasoning – Maximizing Firewood Quality

If you’re using your Stihl MS290 to prepare firewood, understanding wood species and seasoning is crucial for maximizing firewood quality.

Wood Species:
- Hardwoods vs. Softwoods: Hardwoods are denser than softwoods and burn longer and hotter. Examples of hardwoods include oak, maple, and ash. Softwoods burn faster and produce more smoke. Examples of softwoods include pine, fir, and spruce.
- Heat Value: The heat value of firewood is measured in British Thermal Units (BTUs) per cord. Hardwoods generally have a higher BTU rating than softwoods.
- Ease of Splitting: Some wood species are easier to split than others. Straight-grained woods, such as ash and maple, are generally easier to split than knotty woods, such as oak and elm.
- Common Firewood Species and Their Properties:
  - Oak: High heat value, long burn time, can be difficult to split.
  - Maple: High heat value, good burn time, relatively easy to split.
  - Ash: High heat value, good burn time, easy to split.
  - Birch: Medium heat value, good burn time, easy to split.
  - Pine: Low heat value, fast burn time, produces more smoke.
Seasoning Firewood:
- Why Season Firewood? Seasoning firewood reduces its moisture content, making it burn more efficiently and produce less smoke.
- How to Season Firewood:
  1. Split the Wood: Splitting the wood increases its surface area, allowing it to dry faster.
  2. Stack the Wood: Stack the wood in a single row, with space between the logs for air circulation.
  3. Elevate the Wood: Elevate the wood off the ground to prevent moisture from wicking up into the logs.
  4. Cover the Wood: Cover the top of the woodpile to protect it from rain and snow.
  5. Allow Time to Season: Allow the wood to season for at least six months, or preferably a year.
- Moisture Content: The ideal moisture content for firewood is 20% or less. You can use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of your firewood.
- Signs of Well-Seasoned Firewood:
  - Cracks in the Ends: Well-seasoned firewood will have cracks in the ends.
  - Light Weight: Well-seasoned firewood will be lighter than green wood.
  - Dull Color: Well-seasoned firewood will have a dull color.
  - Sound: When you strike two pieces of well-seasoned firewood together, they will make a hollow sound.
Stacking Techniques for Optimal Drying: I’ve experimented with various stacking techniques over the years, and I’ve found that the “holzhaufen” method (a circular stack) works particularly well for promoting airflow and even drying. However, a simple single-row stack with good spacing will also do the trick.
Personal Story: I once burned a load of unseasoned pine in my wood stove. The fire produced so much smoke that it set off the smoke alarm. That experience taught me the importance of seasoning firewood.

Data Point: Studies have shown that burning seasoned firewood can reduce emissions by up to 50% compared to burning green wood.

Actionable Steps:

Choose the right wood species: Select hardwoods for higher heat value and longer burn time.
Split the wood: Splitting the wood increases its surface area, allowing it to dry faster.
Stack the wood properly: Stack the wood in a single row, with space between the logs for air circulation.
Elevate the wood: Elevate the wood off the ground to prevent moisture from wicking up into the logs.
Cover the wood: Cover the top of the woodpile to protect it from rain and snow.
Allow time to season: Allow the wood to season for at least six months, or preferably a year.
Check the moisture content: Use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of your firewood.

Cost Considerations and Resource Management

Wood processing and firewood preparation can involve significant costs. Here’s how to manage your resources effectively:

Chainsaw Maintenance Costs: Budget for regular maintenance, including chain sharpening, air filter replacement, and spark plug replacement.
Fuel and Oil Costs: Factor in the cost of fuel and oil. Consider using a fuel-efficient chainsaw and a high-quality bar and chain oil.
Equipment Costs: If you’re planning to process a large volume of wood, you may need to invest in equipment such as a log splitter, log jack, and sawbuck.
Time Management: Wood processing and firewood preparation can be time-consuming. Plan your projects carefully and allocate sufficient time for each task.
Finding Affordable Wood Sources: Explore options such as purchasing wood from local sawmills, obtaining permits to cut wood on public lands, or salvaging wood from fallen trees. I’ve had success partnering with local tree removal services to obtain wood that would otherwise be discarded.
Case Study: A small-scale firewood producer in Vermont implemented a system for tracking their costs and revenues. By analyzing their data, they were able to identify areas where they could reduce expenses and increase profits. They also implemented a more efficient stacking system, which reduced drying time and increased the quality of their firewood.

Troubleshooting and Common Pitfalls

Even with the best preparation, you may encounter challenges during wood processing and firewood preparation. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid:

Using a Dull Chain: A dull chain can increase the risk of kickback and operator fatigue. Sharpen your chain regularly.
Improper Cutting Techniques: Improper cutting techniques can lead to pinching, kickback, and other hazards. Use proper cutting techniques and be aware of your surroundings.
Neglecting Maintenance: Neglecting chainsaw maintenance can lead to engine problems and reduced performance. Follow a regular maintenance schedule.
Burning Unseasoned Firewood: Burning unseasoned firewood can produce excessive smoke and reduce heating efficiency. Season your firewood for at least six months.
Ignoring Safety Precautions: Ignoring safety precautions can lead to serious injuries. Always wear proper PPE and follow safe operating practices.
Example: A homeowner attempted to fell a large tree without proper training or equipment. The tree fell in the wrong direction, damaging their house and causing significant property damage. This example highlights the importance of taking safety seriously and seeking professional help when necessary.

Next Steps and Additional Resources

Now that you have a solid understanding of how to optimize your Stihl MS290 for cutting, here are some next steps you can take:

Practice Your Skills: Practice felling, bucking, and limbing techniques in a controlled environment.
Take a Chainsaw Safety Course: Consider taking a chainsaw safety course to improve your skills and knowledge.
Join a Woodworking or Logging Community: Connect with other woodworkers and loggers to share knowledge and experiences.
Explore Additional Resources:
- Stihl Website: Visit the Stihl website for information on chainsaw maintenance, safety, and product updates.
- OSHA Website: Visit the OSHA website for information on chainsaw safety regulations.
- FAO Website: Visit the FAO website for information on global forestry trends.
Suppliers of Logging Tools and Equipment:
- Bailey’s: Bailey’s is a leading supplier of logging tools and equipment.
- Northern Tool + Equipment: Northern Tool + Equipment offers a wide range of chainsaws, log splitters, and other wood processing tools.
- Local Hardware Stores: Support your local hardware stores for smaller items and supplies.
Drying Equipment Rental Services:
- Local Rental Companies: Contact local rental companies to inquire about drying equipment rental services.

In Conclusion: Your Journey to Wood-Cutting Mastery

You’ve now armed yourself with the knowledge and techniques to master your Stihl MS290 and tackle any wood processing or firewood preparation project with confidence. Remember, safety is paramount, and continuous learning is key. Keep honing your skills, stay informed about best practices, and never underestimate the power of a well-maintained chainsaw. Happy cutting!