Stihl MS170 Chainsaw Guide (5 Expert Tips For Cleaner Cuts)

Imagine turning every log you cut into a work of art, not just a pile of firewood. It’s not magic, but with the right techniques and understanding of your Stihl MS170 chainsaw, you can achieve cleaner, more efficient cuts every time. I’ve spent years in the field, wrestling with timber and refining my methods. Let me share my hard-earned wisdom to help you master your MS170 and elevate your woodcutting game.

Stihl MS170 Chainsaw Guide: 5 Expert Tips for Cleaner Cuts

The Stihl MS170 is a workhorse, a reliable companion for homeowners and occasional users. But even this dependable machine can benefit from a little TLC and the right cutting techniques. Through trial and error, I’ve discovered five key areas that dramatically improve the quality of cuts you can achieve with your MS170. These tips cover everything from chain maintenance to body posture.

1. Sharpen Your Chain Like a Pro

A dull chain is the enemy of clean cuts. I can’t stress this enough. Forget struggling through the wood, producing sawdust instead of chips. A sharp chain bites into the wood effortlessly, creating smooth, precise cuts.

Why Chain Sharpness Matters

A sharp chain slices through wood fibers cleanly. A dull chain tears and grinds, resulting in ragged edges and increased vibration. This not only makes your work harder but also puts unnecessary strain on your saw and yourself.

The Anatomy of a Chainsaw Tooth

Understanding the parts of a chainsaw tooth is crucial for effective sharpening. The tooth consists of:

Cutter: The main cutting edge.
Depth Gauge (Raker): Controls the depth of the cut.
Side Plate: Provides support and guides the tooth.

Identifying a Dull Chain

Here are some telltale signs that your chain needs sharpening:

Sawdust Production: A sharp chain produces long, thick chips. A dull chain creates fine sawdust.
Difficulty Starting Cuts: A sharp chain bites into the wood immediately. A dull chain requires excessive force.
Uneven Cutting: The saw pulls to one side or wanders during the cut.
Increased Vibration: A dull chain vibrates more, putting stress on your hands and arms.
Smoking: Excessive friction from a dull chain can cause the wood to smoke.

Tools You’ll Need

Chainsaw File: Choose the correct file size for your chain’s pitch (typically 5/32″ or 4.0mm for the MS170).
File Guide: Helps maintain the correct filing angle and depth.
Depth Gauge Tool: For adjusting the depth gauges (rakers).
Vise or Clamp: To securely hold the chainsaw bar.
Gloves: To protect your hands.
Eye Protection: Safety glasses or goggles.

Step-by-Step Sharpening Guide

Secure the Bar: Clamp the chainsaw bar in a vise or use a specialized chainsaw bar clamp. This will free up your hands and ensure stability.
Identify the Correct Filing Angle: The correct angle is usually marked on the file guide. For most chains, it’s around 30 degrees.
File Each Tooth: Place the file guide on the chain, aligning it with the tooth. Use smooth, consistent strokes, filing from the inside of the tooth outwards. Maintain the correct angle and pressure. Count the number of strokes for each tooth to ensure uniformity. Typically, 3-5 strokes per tooth are sufficient.
Check and Adjust Depth Gauges (Rakers): Use the depth gauge tool to check the height of the depth gauges. If they are too high, file them down until they are level with the tool. Be careful not to over-file.
Rotate the Chain: Advance the chain and repeat the process for each tooth.
Sharpen the Opposite Side: Rotate the chainsaw bar and sharpen the teeth on the opposite side.
Clean the Chain: Remove any metal filings with a brush or compressed air.
Lubricate the Chain: Apply chain oil to the chain before using the saw.

Filing Angles and Their Impact

The filing angle directly affects the cutting performance. A steeper angle (closer to 35 degrees) is more aggressive but dulls faster. A shallower angle (closer to 25 degrees) is less aggressive but stays sharp longer. Experiment to find the angle that works best for your wood type and cutting style.

Depth Gauge (Raker) Adjustment

The depth gauge controls how much wood each tooth can remove. If the depth gauges are too high, the chain won’t cut effectively. If they are too low, the chain will be too aggressive and prone to kickback. The ideal depth gauge setting depends on the type of wood you’re cutting. Softer woods require slightly lower depth gauges.

Common Sharpening Mistakes to Avoid

Using the Wrong File Size: Using a file that is too large or too small can damage the chain.
Filing at the Wrong Angle: Incorrect angle leads to poor cutting performance and premature dulling.
Over-Filing: Removing too much material weakens the tooth.
Ignoring the Depth Gauges: Neglecting the depth gauges leads to inefficient cutting.
Not Securing the Bar: Attempting to sharpen the chain without securing the bar is dangerous and ineffective.

Maintaining Your Sharpening Tools

Keep your files clean and free of rust. Store them in a dry place. Replace files when they become dull. A dull file is just as bad as a dull chain.

When to Call in a Professional

If you’re unsure about sharpening your chain, or if you’ve damaged it, it’s best to take it to a professional. A professional can sharpen the chain accurately and identify any underlying problems.

Takeaway: A sharp chain is paramount for clean cuts and safe operation. Regularly inspect and sharpen your chain, paying close attention to the filing angle and depth gauges.

2. Master the Art of Tensioning

Chain tension is crucial for safety and cutting efficiency. A chain that’s too loose can derail, while a chain that’s too tight can bind and overheat. Finding the sweet spot is essential.

Why Proper Chain Tension Matters

Proper chain tension ensures that the chain runs smoothly and efficiently around the bar. It also prevents the chain from derailing, which can be dangerous. Too much tension can cause the chain to overheat and break.

Identifying Correct Chain Tension

The ideal chain tension is when the chain can be pulled away from the bar slightly (about 1/8 inch) but still snaps back into place when released. The chain should also be able to rotate freely around the bar.

Adjusting Chain Tension on the Stihl MS170

The Stihl MS170 features a side-mounted chain tensioner. Here’s how to adjust it:

Loosen the Bar Nuts: Use the wrench to loosen the bar nuts slightly. Do not remove them completely.
Locate the Tensioning Screw: The tensioning screw is located on the side of the saw, near the bar.
Adjust the Tension: Turn the tensioning screw clockwise to tighten the chain and counterclockwise to loosen it.
Check the Tension: After each adjustment, check the chain tension by pulling it away from the bar.
Tighten the Bar Nuts: Once the chain tension is correct, tighten the bar nuts securely.

The “Hot Saw” Adjustment

When the chain is hot from use, it will expand. Adjust the tension slightly looser than normal to compensate for this expansion. As the chain cools, it will tighten up.

Common Tensioning Mistakes to Avoid

Over-Tightening: Over-tightening the chain can damage the bar and chain.
Under-Tightening: An under-tightened chain is more likely to derail.
Adjusting Tension with a Hot Chain: Always let the chain cool down before making adjustments.
Forgetting to Tighten the Bar Nuts: Failing to tighten the bar nuts can cause the bar to come loose.

Chain Stretch and Wear

Chains stretch over time. As the chain stretches, you’ll need to adjust the tension more frequently. Eventually, the chain will become too worn and need to be replaced.

Bar Maintenance

Regularly clean the bar groove to remove sawdust and debris. This will ensure that the chain runs smoothly. Also, check the bar for wear and damage. A worn or damaged bar can cause the chain to derail.

Takeaway: Proper chain tension is essential for safe and efficient cutting. Regularly check and adjust the tension, and be aware of the effects of heat on the chain.

3. Wood Selection and Cutting Techniques

The type of wood you’re cutting and the techniques you use can significantly impact the quality of your cuts. Understanding wood properties and employing proper cutting methods are key.

Understanding Wood Properties

Different types of wood have different densities, grain patterns, and moisture contents. These factors affect how easily the wood cuts and the quality of the cut.

Softwoods: Pine, fir, and cedar are generally easier to cut than hardwoods.
Hardwoods: Oak, maple, and hickory are denser and require more power to cut.
Green Wood: Wood that has been recently cut is easier to cut than dry wood.
Dry Wood: Wood that has been seasoned (dried) is harder to cut and can be more brittle.

Choosing the Right Cutting Technique

The cutting technique you use depends on the size and shape of the wood, as well as the desired outcome.

Bucking: Cutting a log into shorter lengths.
Limbing: Removing branches from a felled tree.
Felling: Cutting down a standing tree.

Basic Bucking Techniques

Assess the Log: Before cutting, assess the log for any tension or compression. Look for bends or cracks.
Plan Your Cuts: Plan your cuts to avoid pinching the saw.
Use Proper Stance: Stand to the side of the log, with your feet shoulder-width apart.
Start with an Undercut: Make an undercut about one-third of the way through the log.
Finish with an Overcut: Make an overcut to meet the undercut.
Avoid Pinching: If the saw starts to pinch, stop cutting and use a wedge to open the cut.

Limbing Techniques

Work from the Base to the Tip: Start by limbing the branches closest to the base of the tree and work your way towards the tip.
Cut on the Underside: Cut branches from the underside to avoid pinching the saw.
Use Proper Stance: Maintain a stable stance and keep the saw close to your body.
Be Aware of Springback: Be aware of branches that may spring back when cut.

Felling Techniques (Advanced – Seek Professional Training)

Felling trees is dangerous and requires specialized training. Only attempt to fell trees if you have the necessary skills and experience.

Assess the Tree: Assess the tree for lean, wind direction, and any hazards.
Plan Your Escape Route: Plan your escape route in case the tree falls in an unexpected direction.
Make a Notch: Cut a notch on the side of the tree in the direction you want it to fall.
Make a Back Cut: Make a back cut on the opposite side of the tree, leaving a hinge.
Use Wedges: Use wedges to help guide the tree’s fall.
Retreat Safely: Once the tree starts to fall, retreat quickly and safely.

Cutting Against the Grain vs. With the Grain

Cutting with the grain is generally easier and produces a smoother cut. Cutting against the grain can be more challenging and may result in a rougher cut.

Dealing with Knots

Knots are hard and can deflect the saw. Cut slowly and carefully around knots.

Wood Moisture Content and Its Impact

The moisture content of wood affects its cutting properties. Green wood is easier to cut but can be more prone to warping and cracking as it dries. Dry wood is harder to cut but is more stable.

Takeaway: Understanding wood properties and using appropriate cutting techniques are essential for achieving clean cuts and maximizing efficiency.

4. Maintaining Optimal Chain Speed

Consistent chain speed is crucial for clean cuts. A bogged-down chain will tear the wood, while an over-revved chain can be dangerous.

Why Chain Speed Matters

Consistent chain speed allows the chain to cut smoothly and efficiently. It also reduces the risk of kickback.

Factors Affecting Chain Speed

Engine Power: The engine provides the power to drive the chain.
Chain Sharpness: A sharp chain requires less power to cut, resulting in higher chain speed.
Wood Density: Denser woods require more power to cut, resulting in lower chain speed.
Bar Length: Longer bars require more power to drive the chain.
Chain Tension: Proper chain tension ensures that the chain runs smoothly and efficiently.

Maintaining Optimal Chain Speed

Use the Correct Bar Length: Choose a bar length that is appropriate for the size of the wood you are cutting. The MS170 is best suited for smaller jobs and should not be used with excessively long bars.
Keep the Chain Sharp: A sharp chain requires less power to cut, resulting in higher chain speed.
Apply Consistent Pressure: Apply consistent pressure to the saw while cutting. Avoid forcing the saw.
Listen to the Engine: Listen to the engine and adjust your cutting speed accordingly. If the engine starts to bog down, reduce the pressure.
Clean the Air Filter: A dirty air filter can restrict airflow to the engine, reducing power and chain speed.
Use the Correct Fuel Mixture: The MS170 requires a specific fuel mixture (typically 50:1). Using the wrong fuel mixture can damage the engine and reduce power.

Recognizing Bogging and Over-Revving

Bogging: The engine slows down and the chain stops cutting efficiently.
Over-Revving: The engine runs at a very high speed, without cutting effectively. This can damage the engine.

Throttle Control Techniques

Smooth and consistent throttle control is key to maintaining optimal chain speed. Avoid jerky movements. Gradually increase the throttle as you start the cut.

The Impact of Altitude on Chain Speed

At higher altitudes, the air is thinner, which can reduce engine power and chain speed. You may need to adjust the carburetor to compensate for the altitude.

Carburetor Adjustment (Advanced – Seek Professional Guidance)

Adjusting the carburetor can improve engine performance and chain speed. However, this should only be done by a qualified technician. Incorrect carburetor adjustment can damage the engine.

Takeaway: Maintaining optimal chain speed is crucial for clean cuts and efficient operation. Keep the chain sharp, use the correct bar length, and apply consistent pressure.

5. Body Positioning and Saw Control

Your body positioning and how you control the saw are paramount for safety and achieving clean, accurate cuts. Proper technique minimizes fatigue and maximizes control.

Why Body Positioning Matters

Proper body positioning provides stability, reduces fatigue, and allows you to control the saw effectively.

Key Principles of Body Positioning

Stable Stance: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, with one foot slightly in front of the other.
Keep Your Back Straight: Avoid bending at the waist.
Grip the Saw Firmly: Use both hands to grip the saw firmly.
Keep the Saw Close to Your Body: This provides better control and reduces fatigue.
Avoid Overreaching: Avoid reaching too far to make a cut. Move your feet instead.

Common Mistakes in Body Positioning

Bending at the Waist: This puts strain on your back and reduces stability.
Overreaching: This reduces control and increases the risk of injury.
Using Only One Hand: Using only one hand reduces control and increases the risk of kickback.
Standing Directly Behind the Saw: This puts you in the path of the chain if it derails.

Saw Control Techniques

Let the Saw Do the Work: Avoid forcing the saw. Let the chain do the cutting.
Apply Consistent Pressure: Apply consistent pressure to the saw while cutting.
Use the Bumper Spike: The bumper spike (or felling spike) can be used to pivot the saw and maintain control.
Avoid Pinching: If the saw starts to pinch, stop cutting and use a wedge to open the cut.

Cutting Above and Below Shoulder Height

Cutting above shoulder height is dangerous and should be avoided. If you must cut above shoulder height, use a pole saw or have someone else do the cutting. Cutting below shoulder height can also be dangerous. Bend your knees to maintain a stable stance.

Working on Slopes

Working on slopes can be challenging. Always face uphill and maintain a stable stance. Be aware of the risk of rolling logs.

Understanding Kickback

Kickback is a sudden, violent upward or backward movement of the saw. It can be caused by the tip of the bar contacting a solid object or by pinching the chain.

Preventing Kickback

Use the Correct Cutting Technique: Avoid plunging the tip of the bar into the wood.
Keep the Chain Sharp: A sharp chain is less likely to kickback.
Maintain Proper Chain Tension: Proper chain tension reduces the risk of kickback.
Use a Chainsaw with Kickback Protection: Some chainsaws have features that reduce the risk of kickback.
Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Be aware of any objects that could cause kickback.

Takeaway: Proper body positioning and saw control are essential for safety and achieving clean, accurate cuts. Maintain a stable stance, grip the saw firmly, and avoid overreaching.

By mastering these five expert tips, you’ll transform your Stihl MS170 chainsaw from a simple tool into a precision instrument. Remember, practice makes perfect. Take your time, focus on safety, and enjoy the satisfaction of creating clean, beautiful cuts.