Stihl MS 390 Specs (5 Pro Tips for Optimal Wood Cutting)

Let’s face it, tackling wood processing can seem daunting. But with the right tools and knowledge, it can be incredibly rewarding – and even therapeutic! The Stihl MS 390 chainsaw, in my opinion, is a fantastic workhorse for both seasoned pros and ambitious homeowners looking to manage their property or prepare for those cozy winter nights. Its robust design and relatively simple mechanics mean ease of maintenance, which is something I always appreciate. I’ve spent years relying on this saw, and I’m excited to share my insights on how to get the most out of it.

Let’s dive into the heart of the matter, exploring the Stihl MS 390, its capabilities, and how to wield it like a true wood-cutting maestro.

Understanding the Stihl MS 390

The Stihl MS 390 is a mid-range chainsaw designed for a variety of tasks, from felling small trees to bucking firewood and general property maintenance. It strikes a good balance between power, weight, and affordability, making it a popular choice for both homeowners and professionals.

Technical Specifications

Here’s a breakdown of the key specs:

• Engine Displacement: 64.1 cc (3.9 cu in)
• Power Output: 3.2 kW (4.3 bhp)
• Weight: 6.4 kg (14.1 lbs) without fuel, bar, and chain
• Fuel Tank Capacity: 0.68 L (23 oz)
• Oil Tank Capacity: 0.35 L (11.8 oz)
• Guide Bar Lengths: Typically available with 16″, 18″, or 20″ bars
• Chain Pitch: .325″
• Chain Gauge: .063″

These specs tell a story. The engine displacement indicates its power, while the weight is crucial for handling. The fuel and oil tank capacities determine how long you can work before needing to refuel. The guide bar length dictates the size of trees you can effectively fell or logs you can buck.

Key Features

• Stihl Quick Chain Tensioning (B): Some models feature this for easy chain adjustment without tools.
• Stihl ElastoStart: Reduces the jerking motion when starting the engine.
• Compensator: Maintains engine power even when the air filter is dirty. This is a huge plus for consistent performance.
• Side-Mounted Chain Tensioner: Makes chain adjustments more convenient.
• Ematic Lubrication System: Reduces chain oil consumption by up to 50%.

These features contribute to the MS 390’s user-friendliness and efficiency. The ElastoStart is a lifesaver on cold mornings, and the Ematic lubrication system saves you money on chain oil in the long run.

Pro Tips for Optimal Wood Cutting with the Stihl MS 390

Now, let’s get down to brass tacks. Here are five pro tips to maximize your wood-cutting performance with the Stihl MS 390:

1. Master the Art of Chain Sharpening

A dull chain is your worst enemy. It not only slows down your cutting speed but also increases the risk of kickback and puts unnecessary strain on the engine. I’ve seen firsthand how a sharp chain can transform a frustrating cutting session into a smooth, efficient one.

Why Sharpening Matters: A sharp chain bites into the wood cleanly, producing chips instead of sawdust. A dull chain, on the other hand, tears at the wood, creating excessive friction and heat.

How to Sharpen Your Chain:

1. Gather Your Tools: You’ll need a chainsaw file (typically 5/32″ for a .325″ pitch chain), a file guide, a depth gauge tool, and a vise to secure the chain.
2. Secure the Chain: Place the chainsaw in a vise with the chain exposed.
3. File Each Cutter: Using the file guide to maintain the correct angle (typically 30 degrees), file each cutter from the inside out. Apply consistent pressure and count the number of strokes for each cutter to ensure uniformity.
4. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: Use the depth gauge tool to ensure the depth gauges (the small metal protrusions in front of each cutter) are at the correct height. File them down if necessary.
5. Rotate the Chain: Move the chain and repeat the process for all cutters.

Pro Tip: Invest in a chainsaw sharpening kit. These kits typically include all the necessary tools and a detailed instruction manual. I personally prefer using a chainsaw sharpening kit as it offers a more precise and consistent sharpening experience.

Data Point: Studies show that a properly sharpened chainsaw can increase cutting efficiency by up to 30% and reduce fuel consumption by 15%.

Troubleshooting: If your chain is still cutting poorly after sharpening, it may be damaged beyond repair. Consider replacing it with a new chain.

2. Fuel and Oil: The Lifeblood of Your Saw

Using the correct fuel and oil mixture is crucial for the longevity of your Stihl MS 390. Incorrect mixtures can lead to engine damage, reduced performance, and costly repairs. I’ve seen engines seize up due to improper fuel mixes, and it’s not a pretty sight (or a cheap fix!).

Fuel Requirements:

• Use high-quality, unleaded gasoline with a minimum octane rating of 89.
• Mix the gasoline with Stihl 2-cycle engine oil at a ratio of 50:1 (2.6 oz of oil per gallon of gasoline).
• Always mix the fuel in a clean container specifically designed for fuel mixing.

Oil Requirements:

• Use a high-quality bar and chain oil designed for chainsaws.
• Check the oil level regularly and refill as needed.
• Consider using a biodegradable bar and chain oil to minimize environmental impact.

Pro Tip: Never use old or stale fuel. Fuel can degrade over time, leading to poor engine performance. I always recommend mixing only the amount of fuel you need for a particular cutting session. If you have leftover fuel, store it in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dark place.

Case Study: A local firewood producer experienced recurring engine problems with their chainsaws. After switching to a higher-quality fuel and oil mixture, the problems disappeared, and the saws ran more efficiently.

Cost Consideration: While high-quality fuel and oil may cost slightly more, they can save you money in the long run by preventing engine damage and extending the life of your chainsaw.

3. Master Felling Techniques

Felling a tree is a serious undertaking that requires careful planning and execution. It’s not something to be taken lightly. I’ve personally witnessed accidents caused by improper felling techniques, and I can’t stress enough the importance of safety.

Safety First:

• Always wear appropriate safety gear, including a helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, and chainsaw chaps.
• Assess the tree for lean, wind direction, and any potential hazards (e.g., dead branches, power lines).
• Clear the area around the tree of any obstacles.
• Have a clear escape route planned.

Felling Procedure:

1. The Notch: Cut a notch on the side of the tree in the direction you want it to fall. The notch should be about one-third of the tree’s diameter.
2. The Back Cut: Make a back cut on the opposite side of the tree, slightly above the notch. Leave a hinge of wood to control the direction of the fall.
3. The Push: As the tree begins to fall, use a felling lever or wedge to help guide it in the desired direction.

Pro Tip: If you’re unsure about your felling skills, seek guidance from a professional arborist or experienced logger. It’s better to be safe than sorry.

Original Research: A study conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) found that improper felling techniques are a leading cause of chainsaw-related injuries.

Troubleshooting: If the tree doesn’t fall in the desired direction, don’t try to force it. Use a winch or come-along to pull it down safely.

4. Optimize Bucking and Splitting

Once you’ve felled the tree, the next step is to buck it into manageable lengths for firewood or other uses. This process, along with splitting the wood, can be optimized for efficiency and safety.

Bucking Techniques:

• Use a sawbuck to support the log while bucking.
• Cut the log into lengths that are appropriate for your fireplace or wood stove.
• Avoid cutting on the ground to prevent the chain from hitting dirt or rocks.

Splitting Techniques:

• Use a splitting maul or hydraulic log splitter to split the logs.
• Always wear eye protection and gloves when splitting wood.
• Split the logs along the grain to make the process easier.

Pro Tip: Consider using a hydraulic log splitter if you’re processing a large volume of firewood. It will save you time and energy. I remember the days of splitting everything by hand – my back still aches thinking about it! A log splitter is a game-changer.

Actionable Tip: When stacking firewood, leave space between the rows to allow for air circulation. This will help the wood dry faster.

Cost-Benefit Analysis: While a hydraulic log splitter is a significant investment, it can pay for itself in time saved and reduced physical strain, especially if you process a large quantity of firewood annually.

5. Maintain Your Stihl MS 390 Like a Pro

Regular maintenance is essential for keeping your Stihl MS 390 running smoothly and extending its lifespan. Neglecting maintenance can lead to costly repairs and reduced performance. I treat my chainsaw like a member of the family – regular check-ups and a little TLC go a long way.

Maintenance Schedule:

• Daily: Check the chain tension, air filter, and spark plug. Clean any debris from the saw.
• Weekly: Sharpen the chain, clean the air filter thoroughly, and inspect the fuel and oil lines.
• Monthly: Replace the spark plug, clean the carburetor, and inspect the recoil starter.

Specific Maintenance Tasks:

• Air Filter Cleaning: Remove the air filter and clean it with warm, soapy water. Allow it to dry completely before reinstalling it.
• Spark Plug Replacement: Replace the spark plug with a new one of the correct type.
• Chain Lubrication: Ensure the chain is properly lubricated during operation. Adjust the oiler if necessary.

Pro Tip: Keep a maintenance log to track when you’ve performed each task. This will help you stay on top of your maintenance schedule. I use a simple spreadsheet to keep track of everything.

Data Point: Studies show that regular maintenance can extend the life of a chainsaw by up to 50%.

Troubleshooting: If your chainsaw is difficult to start, check the spark plug, fuel filter, and carburetor. If the problem persists, consult a qualified mechanic.

The Importance of Wood Seasoning

No discussion about firewood is complete without addressing wood seasoning. Green wood (freshly cut wood) contains a high moisture content, making it difficult to burn and producing excessive smoke. Seasoned wood, on the other hand, has been allowed to dry, making it easier to ignite and producing more heat with less smoke.

Green Wood vs. Seasoned Wood:

• Green Wood: Moisture content of 50% or higher. Difficult to ignite, produces excessive smoke, and burns inefficiently.
• Seasoned Wood: Moisture content of 20% or lower. Easy to ignite, produces less smoke, and burns efficiently.

Seasoning Process:

1. Split the Wood: Splitting the wood exposes more surface area, allowing it to dry faster.
2. Stack the Wood: Stack the wood in a single row, off the ground, and in a sunny, well-ventilated location.
3. Cover the Wood: Cover the top of the woodpile with a tarp to protect it from rain and snow.
4. Wait: Allow the wood to season for at least six months, or preferably a year or more.

Data Point: Wood seasoning reduces the moisture content of wood by approximately 2% per month.

Real Example: I once tried burning green wood in my fireplace. The result was a smoky, sputtering fire that produced very little heat. After seasoning the wood for a year, it burned cleanly and efficiently.

Navigating Challenges in the Wood Processing World

The world of wood processing, especially for small workshops, independent loggers, and firewood producers, is filled with challenges. Here are a few common hurdles and how to overcome them:

• Equipment Costs: Chainsaws, log splitters, and other equipment can be expensive. Consider buying used equipment or renting tools as needed.
• Safety Concerns: Logging and wood processing are inherently dangerous activities. Always prioritize safety and follow best practices.
• Environmental Regulations: Be aware of local environmental regulations regarding tree felling and wood harvesting.
• Market Fluctuations: The price of firewood can fluctuate depending on demand and supply. Diversify your income streams if possible.

Strategic Recommendations:

• Collaboration: Partner with other small businesses to share equipment and resources.
• Education: Attend workshops and training sessions to improve your skills and knowledge.
• Sustainability: Practice sustainable forestry techniques to ensure the long-term health of your woodlot.

Next Steps and Additional Resources

You’ve now got a solid foundation for using your Stihl MS 390 effectively and safely. Here are some next steps to continue your journey:

• Practice Regularly: The more you use your chainsaw, the more comfortable and confident you’ll become.
• Join a Local Logging or Woodworking Club: Connect with other enthusiasts and share your experiences.
• Explore Advanced Techniques: Learn about more advanced felling and bucking techniques.

Additional Resources:

• Stihl Website: www.stihl.com
• Forestry Associations: Local and national forestry associations offer valuable resources and training programs.
• Logging Tool Suppliers: Reputable suppliers of logging tools and equipment can provide expert advice and support.
• Drying Equipment Rental Services: Renting drying equipment can accelerate the wood seasoning process.

Final Thoughts

The Stihl MS 390 is a reliable and versatile chainsaw that can handle a wide range of wood-cutting tasks. By mastering the techniques and tips outlined in this guide, you can unlock its full potential and enjoy years of productive service. Remember to prioritize safety, maintain your equipment regularly, and always strive to improve your skills. Happy cutting!

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