Stihl Felling Wedges: Best Picks For Precision Cuts (7 Pro Tips)

Safety First: A Logger’s Pledge Before We Swing

Before we even think about felling wedges and precision cuts, let’s talk safety. Logging and firewood preparation are inherently dangerous activities. I’ve seen firsthand what can happen when corners are cut or safety protocols are ignored. A moment’s inattention can lead to serious injury. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE): a hard hat, safety glasses, hearing protection, chainsaw chaps, and sturdy boots. Make sure your equipment is in good working order and that you’re properly trained in its use. Never work alone, and always have a communication plan in place in case of an emergency. This isn’t just a recommendation; it’s a necessity. Now that we’ve covered the most important part, let’s talk about Stihl felling wedges.

Stihl Felling Wedges: Best Picks for Precision Cuts (7 Pro Tips)

Felling wedges are essential tools for anyone working with trees, from professional loggers to homeowners clearing land or preparing firewood. They help to control the direction of a falling tree, prevent the saw from getting pinched, and ensure a safer, more predictable felling process. I’ve relied on felling wedges countless times in my years of logging, and I can tell you that choosing the right wedge and using it correctly can make a world of difference.

Understanding the Importance of Felling Wedges

Felling wedges are more than just chunks of plastic or metal you hammer into a tree. They’re carefully designed tools that play a crucial role in safe and efficient tree felling.

Why Use Felling Wedges?

Directional Control: Felling wedges allow you to influence the direction in which a tree falls. By strategically placing wedges in the back cut, you can “steer” the tree away from obstacles like power lines, buildings, or other trees.
Preventing Pinching: When felling a tree, the weight of the tree can cause the saw to become pinched in the cut, making it difficult or impossible to remove. Wedges keep the cut open, preventing pinching and allowing you to complete the felling process safely.
Enhanced Safety: By providing directional control and preventing pinching, felling wedges significantly enhance the safety of tree felling operations. They reduce the risk of uncontrolled falls, saw kickback, and other hazards.
Increased Efficiency: Wedges can make felling easier and faster, especially when dealing with larger trees or trees with a lean in an undesirable direction.

The Physics Behind a Wedge

A wedge works by converting a small force applied over a long distance (hammering the wedge) into a large force applied over a short distance (splitting the wood). This mechanical advantage allows you to lift or move heavy objects with relatively little effort. The steeper the angle of the wedge, the greater the force required to drive it in, but the greater the lifting force it provides. Conversely, a shallower angle requires less force to drive in but provides less lifting force. The ideal wedge angle depends on the type of wood, the size of the tree, and the desired amount of lift.

Choosing the Right Stihl Felling Wedge

Stihl offers a range of felling wedges designed for different applications. Selecting the right wedge for the job is crucial for maximizing its effectiveness and ensuring safety.

Material Matters: Plastic vs. Aluminum vs. Magnesium

Plastic Wedges: These are the most common type of felling wedge. They’re lightweight, durable, and won’t damage your saw chain if you accidentally hit them. Stihl’s plastic wedges are typically made from high-impact polymers that can withstand repeated hammering. I often use plastic wedges for smaller trees and general-purpose felling.
Aluminum Wedges: Aluminum wedges are stronger and more durable than plastic wedges. They’re ideal for larger trees and situations where you need more lifting power. However, they can damage your saw chain if you accidentally hit them. I reserve aluminum wedges for situations where I need extra strength and precision.
Magnesium Wedges: Magnesium wedges are the lightest and strongest type of felling wedge. They offer excellent lifting power and are less likely to spark than steel wedges, making them a good choice for areas with a high risk of fire. However, they’re also the most expensive. I rarely use magnesium wedges unless I’m working in a particularly dry or fire-prone area.

Size and Shape Considerations

Wedge Length: The length of the wedge determines how much lift you can achieve. Longer wedges provide more lift but require more space in the back cut. Shorter wedges are easier to carry and maneuver but provide less lift.
Wedge Width: The width of the wedge affects its stability. Wider wedges are less likely to tip over or slip out of the cut.
Taper Angle: The taper angle of the wedge determines how much force is required to drive it in and how much lift it provides. A steeper angle requires more force but provides more lift.
Surface Texture: Some wedges have a textured surface to provide better grip in the cut. This is especially important when working with wet or icy wood.

Stihl Felling Wedge Models: A Closer Look

Stihl Plastic Felling Wedges: Available in various sizes, these wedges are a great all-around choice for most felling applications. They’re affordable, durable, and won’t damage your saw chain. I recommend having a few different sizes on hand to handle different tree sizes and situations.
Stihl Aluminum Felling Wedges: These wedges offer superior strength and lifting power. They’re ideal for larger trees and situations where you need extra control. Be careful not to hit them with your saw chain.
Stihl Anti-Kickback Felling Wedge: This innovative wedge features a special design that helps to prevent kickback, making it a safer option for inexperienced users. The design helps to prevent the wedge from being ejected from the cut if it’s struck by the saw chain.

7 Pro Tips for Using Stihl Felling Wedges

Now that you know how to choose the right wedge, let’s talk about how to use it effectively. These tips are based on my years of experience in the field and will help you fell trees safely and efficiently.

1. Plan Your Felling Cut

Before you even start your saw, take the time to plan your felling cut. Assess the tree’s lean, wind direction, and any potential hazards in the area. Determine the best direction for the tree to fall and identify the hinge wood, which will control the tree’s fall. This planning stage is crucial for a safe and controlled felling. I always spend at least 15 minutes assessing the tree and the surrounding area before making a single cut.

2. Make the Face Cut (Notch) Correctly

The face cut, or notch, is a V-shaped cut that determines the direction of the fall. It should be cut on the side of the tree facing the desired direction of fall. The depth of the notch should be about one-fifth to one-third of the tree’s diameter. The angle of the notch should be about 45 degrees. A well-executed face cut is essential for a clean and predictable fall. I’ve seen too many accidents caused by poorly made face cuts.

3. Start the Back Cut Above the Notch

The back cut is made on the opposite side of the tree from the face cut. It should be started slightly above the bottom of the notch, leaving a hinge of wood between the two cuts. The hinge is what controls the fall of the tree. The width of the hinge should be about one-tenth of the tree’s diameter. I always double-check the hinge width before proceeding.

4. Insert the Wedge Before Pinching Occurs

As you continue the back cut, watch carefully for signs of pinching. Pinching occurs when the weight of the tree starts to compress the cut, making it difficult or impossible to move the saw. Insert the felling wedge into the back cut before pinching occurs. This will keep the cut open and allow you to continue the felling process safely. I usually insert the wedge when the back cut is about halfway through the tree.

5. Hammer the Wedge Firmly and Evenly

Use a hammer or axe to drive the felling wedge into the back cut. Hammer the wedge firmly and evenly, making sure it’s seated securely in the cut. Avoid hitting the wedge too hard, as this can damage it or cause it to fly out of the cut. I prefer to use a small sledgehammer for driving wedges.

6. Use Multiple Wedges for Larger Trees

For larger trees, you may need to use multiple felling wedges to provide enough lift and prevent pinching. Insert the wedges side by side, spacing them evenly across the back cut. Hammer them in unison, making sure they’re all providing equal lift. I’ve used as many as four wedges on particularly large trees.

7. Watch for Signs of Movement

As you drive the wedges, watch carefully for signs of movement in the tree. Listen for cracking or creaking sounds, and watch for the tree to start leaning in the desired direction. If you see any signs of movement, stop hammering and assess the situation. Make sure the wedges are properly seated and that the hinge is intact. Be patient and methodical, and don’t force the tree to fall. I always take a step back and observe the tree’s behavior before proceeding.

Advanced Techniques and Considerations

Once you’ve mastered the basics of using felling wedges, you can start exploring some advanced techniques to handle more challenging situations.

Dealing with Back Lean

Trees with a back lean, meaning they lean in the opposite direction of your desired fall, can be particularly difficult to fell. In these situations, you may need to use multiple wedges and apply considerable force to overcome the lean. You may also need to use a pulling system, such as a winch or rope, to help pull the tree in the desired direction. I’ve used come-alongs and tree jacks to overcome back lean, but they require careful planning and execution.

Using a Cant Hook or Peavey

A cant hook or peavey is a long-handled tool with a pivoting hook that’s used to roll logs. These tools can be helpful for positioning logs for bucking or splitting. They can also be used to help push a tree over in the desired direction. I always keep a cant hook handy when working with logs.

Timber Grading and Selection

Understanding timber grading is essential for maximizing the value of your wood. Different grades of timber are suitable for different applications, and knowing how to identify and sort them can increase your profits. Timber grading involves assessing the wood for defects, such as knots, cracks, and decay. The grade of the timber is determined by the number and severity of these defects. I’ve learned to identify different grades of timber through years of experience and by consulting with experienced sawmill operators.

Sawmill Operations: A Glimpse Behind the Scenes

If you’re interested in processing your own timber, you may want to consider investing in a portable sawmill. Portable sawmills allow you to mill logs into lumber on-site, saving you the cost of transporting them to a commercial sawmill. Sawmill operations involve several steps, including log handling, sawing, edging, and trimming. It’s a complex process that requires specialized knowledge and equipment. I’ve operated both portable and stationary sawmills, and I can tell you that it’s a rewarding but demanding endeavor.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Even experienced loggers can make mistakes when using felling wedges. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

Using the Wrong Size or Type of Wedge: Using a wedge that’s too small or too weak can be ineffective and even dangerous. Always choose the right wedge for the size and type of tree you’re felling.
Inserting the Wedge Incorrectly: Inserting the wedge too high or too low in the back cut can compromise its effectiveness. Make sure the wedge is seated securely in the cut and that it’s providing equal lift across the entire back cut.
Hammering the Wedge Too Hard: Hammering the wedge too hard can damage it or cause it to fly out of the cut. Use a controlled and even hammering motion.
Ignoring Signs of Instability: If you see any signs of instability in the tree, such as cracking or creaking sounds, stop hammering and assess the situation. Don’t force the tree to fall if it’s not ready.
Working Alone: Never work alone when felling trees. Always have someone nearby who can assist you in case of an emergency.

Drying and Seasoning Firewood

Once you’ve felled the tree and bucked it into firewood lengths, the next step is to dry and season the wood. Drying reduces the moisture content of the wood, making it easier to burn and reducing the amount of smoke it produces. Seasoning involves storing the wood in a well-ventilated area for several months to allow it to dry naturally. The ideal moisture content for firewood is between 15% and 20%. I use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of my firewood before burning it.

Wood Splitting Techniques

Splitting wood can be a challenging and time-consuming task, but it’s essential for preparing firewood. There are several different techniques you can use to split wood, including using a maul, a splitting axe, or a hydraulic log splitter. The best technique depends on the size and type of wood you’re splitting. I prefer to use a hydraulic log splitter for larger logs, as it’s much easier on my back.

Safe Stacking Practices

Once you’ve split the wood, it’s important to stack it properly to allow it to dry and season effectively. Stack the wood in a single row, with the pieces slightly separated to allow for air circulation. Make sure the stack is located in a well-ventilated area, away from any buildings or other structures. I always stack my firewood on pallets to keep it off the ground and prevent it from rotting.

Chainsaw Maintenance: Keeping Your Saw in Top Condition

Your chainsaw is your most important tool when felling trees and preparing firewood. It’s essential to keep it in top condition to ensure safe and efficient operation. Regular maintenance tasks include sharpening the chain, cleaning the air filter, checking the spark plug, and lubricating the bar and chain. I always sharpen my chain after every few hours of use. A sharp chain cuts faster and more safely.

Sharpening Your Chainsaw Chain

Sharpening your chainsaw chain is a critical maintenance task that can significantly improve the performance and safety of your saw. A dull chain can cause the saw to kick back, increasing the risk of injury. It can also make the saw work harder, reducing its efficiency and lifespan. I use a chainsaw sharpening kit to keep my chain in top condition.

Cleaning and Maintaining Your Saw

In addition to sharpening the chain, it’s also important to clean and maintain your saw regularly. This includes cleaning the air filter, checking the spark plug, and lubricating the bar and chain. A clean and well-maintained saw will run more efficiently and last longer. I always clean my saw after every use.

Case Studies: Real-World Applications of Felling Wedges

To illustrate the importance of using felling wedges correctly, let’s look at a couple of case studies based on my own experiences.

Case Study 1: Felling a Leaning Oak Tree

I was once tasked with felling a large oak tree that had a significant lean towards a power line. This was a particularly challenging situation, as any mistake could have resulted in a power outage or even electrocution. I carefully planned the felling cut, taking into account the tree’s lean, the wind direction, and the proximity of the power line. I used multiple felling wedges to control the direction of the fall, and I also used a pulling system to help pull the tree away from the power line. The felling was successful, and the tree fell exactly where I wanted it to.

Case Study 2: Preventing a Pinch in a Large Pine Tree

I was felling a large pine tree when I noticed that the saw was starting to pinch in the back cut. I quickly inserted a felling wedge into the cut, which prevented the pinching from getting worse. I then used a second wedge to provide additional lift, and I was able to complete the felling process safely. Without the wedges, the saw would have become stuck, and I would have had to abandon the cut, potentially creating a dangerous situation.

Conclusion: Mastering the Art of Precision Felling

Felling wedges are indispensable tools for anyone working with trees. By choosing the right wedge and using it correctly, you can control the direction of a falling tree, prevent the saw from getting pinched, and ensure a safer, more predictable felling process. Remember to always prioritize safety and to take the time to plan your felling cut carefully. With practice and experience, you can master the art of precision felling and become a skilled and confident logger or firewood preparer. The information provided in this article is for general guidance only. Always consult with a qualified professional before undertaking any tree felling or wood processing activities.

Remember, safety is paramount. Always wear appropriate PPE and follow safe work practices. Happy felling!