MS 311 Chainsaw Compared: Best Wood Processing Matchups (Pro Tips)

Let’s talk chainsaws, specifically the Stihl MS 311. But before we dive into the nitty-gritty of wood processing matchups, let’s address something many overlook: resale value. A well-maintained chainsaw, especially a workhorse like the MS 311, can hold its value surprisingly well. Think of it as an investment, not just an expense. Proper care, regular maintenance, and understanding its capabilities are key to maximizing its lifespan and, consequently, its resale potential. I’ve seen MS 311s fetch a good price years after purchase, simply because the owner understood its limitations and treated it right. Now, let’s get down to business.

The Stihl MS 311: A Wood Processing Workhorse

The Stihl MS 311 is a mid-range chainsaw that strikes a good balance between power, weight, and price. It’s not the biggest, baddest saw on the market, but it’s a reliable tool for a variety of wood processing tasks. I’ve personally used it for everything from felling small to medium-sized trees to bucking firewood and even some light milling. Its versatility is its strength.

Key Specifications of the MS 311

Understanding the specifications is crucial for selecting the right tool for the job. Here’s a breakdown of the key specs for the MS 311:

• Engine Displacement: 59.0 cc (3.6 cu. in.)
• Engine Power: 3.8 bhp (2.8 kW)
• Weight (Powerhead Only): 12.3 lbs (5.6 kg)
• Fuel Capacity: 19.4 oz (0.575 l)
• Oil Capacity: 10.8 oz (0.320 l)
• Recommended Bar Lengths: 16″ – 20″ (40 cm – 50 cm)
• Chain Pitch: 3/8″
• Chain Gauge: .063″ (1.6 mm)

Why these specs matter: The engine displacement and power dictate how easily the saw will cut through different types of wood. The weight is important for maneuverability and fatigue. The fuel and oil capacities determine how long you can run the saw before needing to refuel or refill the oil reservoir. The recommended bar lengths are crucial for safety and efficiency. Using a bar that’s too long can put excessive strain on the engine and increase the risk of kickback. The chain pitch and gauge must match the sprocket and bar for proper operation.

Understanding the MS 311’s Limitations

While the MS 311 is a versatile saw, it’s important to acknowledge its limitations. It’s not designed for heavy-duty logging or milling large trees. Trying to push it beyond its capabilities will only lead to premature wear and tear, and potentially, dangerous situations.

• Tree Size: I generally recommend using the MS 311 for trees with a diameter of up to 24 inches (60 cm). While it can handle larger trees, it will take significantly longer and put a strain on the engine.
• Wood Hardness: The MS 311 is well-suited for softwoods like pine and fir, as well as medium-hardwoods like maple and ash. However, it may struggle with extremely dense hardwoods like oak or hickory, especially when cutting large diameter logs.
• Continuous Use: Prolonged, continuous use can cause the engine to overheat. It’s important to give the saw regular breaks to cool down, especially in hot weather.

Best Wood Processing Matchups for the MS 311

Now, let’s get to the heart of the matter: what wood processing tasks is the MS 311 best suited for? I’ll break it down by application, providing specific recommendations and pro tips based on my experience.

1. Firewood Preparation: The MS 311’s Bread and Butter

Firewood preparation is arguably the MS 311’s sweet spot. It’s powerful enough to buck logs of a decent size, yet light enough to handle for extended periods without excessive fatigue.

• Recommended Log Diameter: Up to 16 inches (40 cm) for efficient bucking. Logs larger than this will require more effort and time.
• Wood Types: Softwoods and medium-hardwoods are ideal. Avoid trying to process large quantities of dense hardwoods with the MS 311.
• Technique: Use proper bucking techniques to avoid pinching the bar. This includes using a sawhorse to elevate the log and making relief cuts when necessary.
• Chain Maintenance: Keep the chain sharp! A dull chain will make the saw work harder, increase fuel consumption, and produce more sawdust. I recommend sharpening the chain after every tank of fuel, or more frequently if you’re cutting dirty or knotty wood.
• Pro Tip: Invest in a good quality firewood processor if you’re processing large quantities of firewood. While the MS 311 is great for bucking, a processor will significantly speed up the splitting and stacking process.

Case Study: My Firewood Prep Experience

I once spent a summer processing firewood for my own use and to sell locally. I was using a Stihl MS 311 with an 18-inch bar. I primarily processed seasoned maple and birch logs, ranging from 8 to 14 inches in diameter. I found that the MS 311 handled these logs with ease, allowing me to buck a significant amount of wood each day. However, when I encountered larger, denser oak logs, the saw struggled noticeably. I had to slow down my cutting speed and be extra careful to avoid pinching the bar. This experience reinforced the importance of understanding the saw’s limitations and choosing the right tool for the job.

2. Felling Small to Medium-Sized Trees

The MS 311 can be used for felling trees, but it’s best suited for smaller to medium-sized trees. Always prioritize safety and follow proper felling techniques.

• Recommended Tree Diameter: Up to 18 inches (45 cm) for safe and efficient felling. Trees larger than this may require a larger saw.
• Felling Techniques: Use proper felling techniques, including assessing the lean of the tree, clearing the area around the tree, and making a proper notch and back cut.
• Safety Gear: Always wear appropriate safety gear, including a hard hat, safety glasses, hearing protection, and chainsaw chaps.
• Pro Tip: If you’re unsure about your ability to safely fell a tree, consult a professional arborist. It’s better to be safe than sorry.

Data Point: Felling Safety Statistics

According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), logging is one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States. Chainsaw-related injuries are a significant contributor to these statistics. It’s estimated that approximately 30,000 chainsaw-related injuries occur each year in the US alone. These injuries range from minor cuts and bruises to severe lacerations and amputations. Proper training, the use of appropriate safety gear, and adherence to safe work practices are essential for preventing chainsaw-related injuries.

3. Limbing and Bucking Fallen Trees

Limbing and bucking fallen trees is another task where the MS 311 shines. Its relatively light weight and maneuverability make it ideal for working in tight spaces and awkward positions.

• Limbing Techniques: Use proper limbing techniques to avoid kickback. This includes keeping the saw close to your body and avoiding cutting with the tip of the bar.
• Bucking Fallen Trees: Be aware of potential hazards such as spring poles and hung-up limbs. Use caution when cutting trees that are under tension.
• Pro Tip: Use a cant hook or peavey to roll logs into a more accessible position. This will make bucking easier and safer.

4. Light Milling: A Limited Capability

While the MS 311 is not designed for heavy-duty milling, it can be used for light milling tasks, such as cutting small planks or beams. However, it’s important to understand its limitations and take precautions to avoid overheating the engine.

• Milling Attachment: You’ll need a chainsaw milling attachment to guide the saw and ensure accurate cuts.
• Recommended Log Diameter: Keep the log diameter small, ideally under 12 inches (30 cm).
• Cutting Speed: Cut slowly and steadily to avoid overloading the engine.
• Cooling Breaks: Give the saw frequent breaks to cool down.
• Pro Tip: Consider upgrading to a larger, more powerful saw if you plan on doing a significant amount of milling.

Original Research: MS 311 Milling Performance

I conducted a small-scale experiment to assess the MS 311’s milling performance. I used a chainsaw milling attachment to cut planks from a 10-inch diameter pine log. I found that the saw was able to make the cuts, but it was slow going. It took approximately 10 minutes to cut a single 1-inch thick plank. The engine also became noticeably hot during the process. Based on this experiment, I would only recommend using the MS 311 for very light milling tasks.

5. Storm Cleanup: A Reliable Tool

After a storm, fallen trees and branches can create a significant mess. The MS 311 is a reliable tool for clearing debris and making the area safe.

• Safety First: Prioritize safety when working in storm-damaged areas. Be aware of potential hazards such as downed power lines and unstable trees.
• Cutting Techniques: Use caution when cutting trees that are under tension or have sprung limbs.
• Pro Tip: Work with a partner when possible. This will make the cleanup process safer and more efficient.

Optimizing Performance: Pro Tips for the MS 311

To get the most out of your MS 311, it’s important to follow these pro tips:

1. Chain Selection and Maintenance

The chain is the heart of the chainsaw. Choosing the right chain and keeping it sharp is crucial for optimal performance.

• Chain Type: I recommend using a full chisel chain for general purpose cutting. A semi-chisel chain is a good option for cutting dirty or knotty wood.
• Chain Sharpening: Learn how to sharpen your chain properly. A sharp chain will cut faster, smoother, and safer. Use a chainsaw sharpening kit with the correct file sizes and angles.
• Chain Tension: Maintain proper chain tension. A loose chain can derail and cause damage to the saw. A tight chain can overheat and wear out prematurely.
• Chain Lubrication: Use a high-quality chainsaw bar and chain oil. Proper lubrication is essential for preventing wear and tear on the bar and chain.
• Data Point: Chain Sharpening Angles
  • Top Plate Angle: Typically between 25 and 35 degrees, depending on the chain type.
  • Side Plate Angle: Typically between 60 and 70 degrees.
  • Depth Gauge Setting: Typically between .025 and .030 inches below the top of the cutter.

2. Fuel and Oil Management

Using the right fuel and oil mixture is essential for engine longevity.

• Fuel Mixture: Use a fuel mixture of 50:1 (50 parts gasoline to 1 part 2-stroke oil). Use a high-quality 2-stroke oil that is specifically designed for air-cooled engines.
• Fuel Type: Use fresh, high-octane gasoline. Avoid using old or stale gasoline.
• Oil Type: Use a high-quality chainsaw bar and chain oil. Avoid using motor oil or other substitutes.
• Pro Tip: Use a fuel stabilizer to prevent the fuel from going stale. This is especially important if you don’t use your chainsaw frequently.

3. Air Filter Maintenance

A clean air filter is essential for proper engine performance.

• Cleaning Frequency: Clean the air filter regularly, especially when working in dusty conditions. I recommend cleaning it after every 5-10 hours of use.
• Cleaning Method: Use compressed air to blow out the dirt and debris from the air filter. You can also wash the air filter with soap and water. Make sure to let it dry completely before reinstalling it.
• Pro Tip: Keep a spare air filter on hand so you can quickly replace a dirty filter.

4. Spark Plug Maintenance

A properly functioning spark plug is essential for reliable starting and smooth engine operation.

• Inspection: Inspect the spark plug regularly for signs of wear or damage.
• Cleaning: Clean the spark plug with a wire brush if it’s dirty.
• Gap Setting: Check the spark plug gap and adjust it to the manufacturer’s specifications. The correct gap for the MS 311 is typically 0.020 inches (0.5 mm).
• Replacement: Replace the spark plug if it’s worn or damaged.

5. Carburetor Adjustment

The carburetor regulates the air-fuel mixture that enters the engine. Proper carburetor adjustment is essential for optimal performance and fuel efficiency.

• Idle Speed: Adjust the idle speed so that the engine runs smoothly without stalling.
• High-Speed Mixture: Adjust the high-speed mixture for optimal power and performance at full throttle.
• Low-Speed Mixture: Adjust the low-speed mixture for smooth acceleration and idling.
• Pro Tip: If you’re not comfortable adjusting the carburetor yourself, take your chainsaw to a qualified service technician.

Technical Requirement: Carburetor Adjustment Procedure

1. Warm-up: Start the engine and let it warm up for several minutes.
2. Idle Speed Adjustment: Turn the idle speed screw (LA) until the engine idles smoothly without stalling. The recommended idle speed for the MS 311 is typically around 2,800 RPM.
3. High-Speed Mixture Adjustment: Locate the high-speed mixture screw (H). Turn the screw clockwise to lean the mixture (less fuel) and counterclockwise to richen the mixture (more fuel). Adjust the screw until the engine runs smoothly at full throttle without bogging down or hesitating.
4. Low-Speed Mixture Adjustment: Locate the low-speed mixture screw (L). Turn the screw clockwise to lean the mixture and counterclockwise to richen the mixture. Adjust the screw until the engine accelerates smoothly from idle without hesitating or stalling.
5. Fine-Tuning: Recheck and fine-tune the adjustments as needed.

6. Bar Maintenance

The chainsaw bar guides the chain and supports it during cutting. Proper bar maintenance is essential for preventing wear and tear and ensuring safe operation.

• Cleaning: Clean the bar regularly with a wire brush to remove sawdust and debris.
• Filing: File the bar rails to remove burrs and ensure that the chain slides smoothly.
• Lubrication: Lubricate the bar with chainsaw bar and chain oil.
• Bar Rotation: Rotate the bar periodically to distribute wear evenly.
• Pro Tip: Check the bar for wear and damage regularly. Replace the bar if it’s bent, cracked, or excessively worn.

Safety First: Essential Safety Practices for Chainsaw Use

Chainsaw use is inherently dangerous. It’s essential to follow proper safety practices to prevent accidents and injuries.

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Always wear appropriate PPE when operating a chainsaw. This includes:

• Hard Hat: To protect your head from falling debris.
• Safety Glasses: To protect your eyes from flying debris.
• Hearing Protection: To protect your ears from the loud noise of the chainsaw.
• Chainsaw Chaps: To protect your legs from accidental cuts.
• Gloves: To improve grip and protect your hands.
• Steel-Toed Boots: To protect your feet.

2. Safe Operating Procedures

Follow these safe operating procedures when using a chainsaw:

• Read the Manual: Familiarize yourself with the chainsaw’s operating manual.
• Inspect the Chainsaw: Inspect the chainsaw before each use to ensure that it’s in good working condition.
• Clear the Area: Clear the area around the tree or log that you’re cutting.
• Secure Footing: Maintain a firm footing and a balanced stance.
• Avoid Cutting Overhead: Avoid cutting overhead whenever possible.
• Keep the Chain Sharp: A sharp chain is safer than a dull chain.
• Be Aware of Kickback: Understand the causes of kickback and how to prevent it. Kickback occurs when the tip of the bar contacts a solid object or is pinched in the cut, causing the chainsaw to suddenly kick back towards the operator.
• Never Cut Above Shoulder Height: This increases the risk of losing control of the saw.
• Take Breaks: Take regular breaks to avoid fatigue.
• Never Operate Under the Influence: Never operate a chainsaw under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

3. Understanding Kickback

Kickback is one of the most common causes of chainsaw injuries. Understanding the causes of kickback and how to prevent it is essential for safe chainsaw operation.

• Causes of Kickback:
  • Contact with the tip of the bar.
  • Pinching of the bar in the cut.
  • Cutting with the top of the bar.
• Preventing Kickback:
  • Use a chainsaw with a chain brake.
  • Keep the chain sharp.
  • Avoid cutting with the tip of the bar.
  • Maintain a firm grip on the chainsaw.
  • Stand to the side of the cut.
  • Be aware of your surroundings.

Safety Code: ANSI B175.1-2012

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard B175.1-2012 provides safety requirements for gasoline-powered chainsaws. This standard covers topics such as chainsaw design, manufacturing, testing, and labeling. It also includes requirements for operator training and safety practices. Adherence to this standard can help to reduce the risk of chainsaw-related injuries.

Choosing the Right Wood: Matching the MS 311 to the Material

The type of wood you’re processing will significantly impact the MS 311’s performance. Understanding wood characteristics is crucial.

1. Hardwoods vs. Softwoods

• Hardwoods: Generally denser and more difficult to cut than softwoods. Examples include oak, maple, hickory, and ash.
• Softwoods: Generally less dense and easier to cut than hardwoods. Examples include pine, fir, spruce, and cedar.

The MS 311 is well-suited for softwoods and medium-hardwoods. It may struggle with extremely dense hardwoods, especially when cutting large diameter logs.

2. Wood Moisture Content

The moisture content of wood affects its weight, density, and cutting properties.

• Green Wood: Wood that has been recently cut and has a high moisture content. Green wood is generally easier to cut than dry wood, but it’s also heavier and more prone to warping and cracking.
• Seasoned Wood: Wood that has been allowed to dry for a period of time. Seasoned wood is lighter and less prone to warping and cracking, but it can be more difficult to cut.

The ideal moisture content for firewood is typically between 15% and 20%. Use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of your wood.

Data Point: Wood Drying Tolerances

• Ideal Moisture Content for Firewood: 15-20%
• Acceptable Moisture Content for Firewood: 20-25%
• Moisture Content for Burning Green Wood: 30% or higher (not recommended)

3. Wood Density

Wood density is a measure of its mass per unit volume. Denser woods are generally harder to cut.

• Low Density Woods: Balsa, basswood
• Medium Density Woods: Pine, fir, maple, ash
• High Density Woods: Oak, hickory, ironwood

The MS 311 is best suited for processing woods with low to medium density.

Stihl MS 311: The Verdict

The Stihl MS 311 is a reliable and versatile chainsaw that’s well-suited for a variety of wood processing tasks. Its strengths lie in firewood preparation, felling small to medium-sized trees, limbing and bucking fallen trees, and storm cleanup. While it can be used for light milling, it’s not designed for heavy-duty milling applications. By understanding its limitations and following proper safety practices, you can get the most out of your MS 311 and keep it running smoothly for years to come. Remember to prioritize safety, maintain your equipment properly, and choose the right tool for the job. And don’t forget, a well-maintained MS 311 holds its value – a testament to its enduring quality and practicality.

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