How To Remove A Shrub Near Foundations (5 Expert Woodcutting Tips)

Removing shrubs near foundations can feel like delicate surgery, but with the right approach, it’s a task any homeowner can tackle. I’ve spent years felling trees and processing wood, and that experience has taught me the importance of precision, especially when working close to structures. This guide will walk you through the process, blending woodcutting expertise with foundation protection, offering five essential tips to ensure you get the job done safely and effectively.

How to Remove a Shrub Near Foundations (5 Expert Woodcutting Tips)

Removing a shrub near a foundation requires a blend of horticultural knowledge and woodcutting skills. It’s not just about chopping away; it’s about understanding the root system and the potential impact on your home’s structural integrity. I’ll share insights from my experience and provide actionable advice to help you navigate this task successfully.

1. Assess the Situation: Understanding the Risks

Before I even pick up a tool, I always take a good, hard look at the situation. This initial assessment is crucial for identifying potential problems and planning the safest course of action.

Proximity to Foundation: How close is the shrub to the foundation? The closer it is, the more careful you need to be. Roots can wrap around foundations, causing cracks or water damage over time. Measure the distance from the shrub’s base to the foundation wall. Anything closer than 3 feet warrants extra caution.
Shrub Size and Root System: Is it a small, young shrub or a large, established one? Mature shrubs often have extensive root systems that can extend far beyond the visible foliage. Consider the above-ground size as an indicator of the potential root spread. A shrub that’s 6 feet tall and wide likely has roots extending at least that far.
Foundation Type: Is it a concrete slab, a crawl space foundation, or a basement foundation? Each type has different vulnerabilities. For example, crawl space foundations are more susceptible to root intrusion than solid concrete slabs.
Soil Type: Is the soil loose and sandy or dense clay? Roots penetrate different soil types differently. Sandy soil allows for easier root removal, while clay soil can bind roots tightly, requiring more effort.
Utilities: Are there any buried utilities (gas, water, electric) in the vicinity? This is a critical safety concern. Before digging, always call your local utility company to mark any underground lines. It’s a free service and could save your life.

My Experience: I once removed a large rhododendron near my neighbor’s house. I didn’t initially realize how close the roots were to the gas line. Thankfully, I called before digging, and the utility company identified a line just inches from where I planned to excavate. It was a close call!

Actionable Tip: Create a sketch of the area, noting the shrub’s location, the foundation, any utilities, and the soil type. This visual aid will help you plan your approach and avoid costly mistakes.

2. Gathering the Right Tools: The Arborist’s Arsenal

Having the right tools makes all the difference. Trying to tackle a shrub removal with inadequate equipment is like trying to fell a redwood with a handsaw – frustrating and inefficient.

Hand Pruners: For trimming small branches and roots. I prefer bypass pruners for clean cuts.
Loppers: For cutting thicker branches up to 2 inches in diameter. Look for loppers with telescoping handles for added reach and leverage.
Shovel: A sturdy shovel is essential for digging around the shrub and exposing the roots. A pointed shovel is best for cutting through soil, while a square shovel is useful for scooping and moving dirt.
Pickaxe or Mattock: For breaking up hard soil and cutting through thick roots. A pickaxe is ideal for rocky soil, while a mattock is better for clay.
Root Saw: A specialized saw designed for cutting roots. These saws have long, narrow blades that can reach into tight spaces.
Chainsaw (Optional): For large shrubs with thick trunks. If you’re using a chainsaw, be sure to wear appropriate safety gear (helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, and chaps). I recommend a small, lightweight chainsaw with a 14-inch bar for maneuverability.
Wheelbarrow: For hauling away soil and debris.
Gloves: Protect your hands from dirt, thorns, and blisters.
Eye Protection: Safety glasses or goggles are a must to protect your eyes from flying debris.
Hearing Protection: If you’re using a chainsaw or other noisy equipment, wear earplugs or earmuffs.
First Aid Kit: Always have a first aid kit on hand in case of minor cuts or scrapes.

Tool Specifications:

Hand Pruners: Bypass type, hardened steel blades, ergonomic handles.
Loppers: Telescoping handles, maximum cutting capacity of 2 inches.
Shovel: Pointed or square blade, steel construction, ergonomic handle.
Root Saw: Blade length of 18-24 inches, hardened steel teeth.
Chainsaw: 14-inch bar, lightweight design (under 10 pounds).

My Preferred Chainsaw: I’ve found the Stihl MS 170 to be a reliable and affordable option for small-scale shrub removal. It’s lightweight, easy to start, and has enough power to handle most small to medium-sized shrubs.

Safety First: Always inspect your tools before use. Make sure blades are sharp, handles are secure, and safety features are functioning properly.

Actionable Tip: Create a checklist of all the tools you’ll need before starting the job. This will save you time and prevent frustration.

3. The Excavation Process: Precision Root Removal

This is where the real work begins. The goal is to carefully expose and remove the roots without damaging the foundation.

Start by Pruning: Trim back the above-ground foliage to make it easier to work around the shrub. Use hand pruners or loppers to remove branches that are in the way.
Dig a Circular Trench: Using a shovel, dig a circular trench around the shrub, about 1-2 feet away from the base. The depth of the trench will depend on the size of the shrub and the depth of the roots. Start with a depth of about 1 foot and gradually increase it as needed.
Expose the Roots: As you dig, carefully expose the roots. Use your hands or a small trowel to remove soil from around the roots. Be gentle to avoid damaging the roots.
Cut the Roots: Once you’ve exposed a root, use a root saw, loppers, or a pickaxe to cut it. Make clean, sharp cuts to minimize regrowth. Focus on cutting the larger roots first.
Work Around the Foundation: Pay special attention to roots that are growing close to the foundation. Use a small hand saw or a chisel to carefully cut these roots without damaging the foundation.
Remove the Shrub: Once you’ve cut most of the roots, try to gently rock the shrub back and forth. If it’s still firmly in the ground, look for any remaining roots and cut them. Eventually, the shrub should come loose.
Clean Up: Remove any remaining roots from the soil. Fill the hole with topsoil and compact it.

Case Study: I once removed a large boxwood shrub that had grown directly against a foundation. The roots had grown into a crack in the foundation wall, causing moisture damage. I carefully excavated around the roots, using a small chisel and hammer to remove them from the crack. I then repaired the crack with hydraulic cement to prevent further water damage.

Measurements:

Trench Depth: Start with 1 foot and increase as needed.
Distance from Base: 1-2 feet.
Root Cutting Angle: 45 degrees (to promote water runoff and prevent rot).

Actionable Tip: Use a garden hose to gently wash away soil from around the roots. This will make it easier to see and cut the roots.

4. Foundation Protection: Guarding Against Damage

Protecting the foundation is paramount. Careless shrub removal can lead to cracks, water damage, and costly repairs.

Avoid Using Heavy Equipment: While it might be tempting to use a backhoe or other heavy equipment to remove a large shrub, this can easily damage the foundation. Stick to hand tools for precision and control.
Don’t Pry Against the Foundation: Avoid using the foundation as a lever to pry out roots. This can crack or weaken the foundation wall.
Repair Any Damage: After removing the shrub, inspect the foundation for any cracks or damage. Repair any cracks with hydraulic cement or other appropriate patching material.
Consider a Root Barrier: If you’re planting new shrubs near the foundation, consider installing a root barrier to prevent future root intrusion. Root barriers are made of durable plastic or metal and are buried in the ground to redirect root growth.
Improve Drainage: Ensure that the soil around the foundation slopes away from the house to prevent water from pooling. This will help protect the foundation from water damage.

Root Barrier Types:

Physical Barriers: Solid plastic or metal sheets buried vertically in the ground.
Chemical Barriers: Herbicide-impregnated fabrics that release chemicals to inhibit root growth.

My Insight: I’ve seen firsthand the damage that unchecked root growth can cause. A few years ago, I inspected a property where tree roots had completely blocked the drainage system, leading to severe flooding in the basement. Regular maintenance and proactive root management are essential.

Actionable Tip: After removing the shrub, apply a root killer to the soil to prevent regrowth. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.

5. Post-Removal Care: Preventing Regrowth and Maintaining Stability

The job isn’t done when the shrub is out of the ground. Post-removal care is essential to prevent regrowth and ensure the stability of the surrounding soil.

Remove All Root Fragments: Even small root fragments can sprout new growth. Carefully remove as many root fragments as possible from the soil.
Apply a Herbicide: Apply a systemic herbicide to the cut surfaces of any remaining roots. This will help kill the roots and prevent regrowth. Choose a herbicide that is specifically designed for woody plants.
Monitor for Regrowth: Keep an eye on the area for any signs of regrowth. If you see new shoots emerging, apply a herbicide or dig them up.
Stabilize the Soil: If the shrub removal has left a large hole, fill it with topsoil and compact it. Consider planting grass or other ground cover to help stabilize the soil and prevent erosion.
Water Regularly: Water the area regularly to help the soil settle and promote new growth.

Herbicide Application:

Type: Systemic herbicide designed for woody plants.
Method: Apply directly to cut surfaces of roots.
Timing: Apply immediately after cutting roots.

Personal Story: I once removed a stubborn lilac bush that kept sending up new shoots for years after I thought I had gotten rid of it. I finally resorted to repeated applications of herbicide, combined with diligent removal of any new growth. Persistence is key!

Actionable Tip: Mulch the area around the former shrub location to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and prevent erosion.

Advanced Techniques for Stubborn Shrubs

Sometimes, despite your best efforts, a shrub refuses to go quietly. Here are some advanced techniques I’ve used to tackle particularly stubborn cases.

Girdling: For large shrubs with thick trunks, girdling can be an effective way to kill the shrub gradually. This involves removing a strip of bark around the entire circumference of the trunk, effectively cutting off the flow of nutrients and water to the roots.
Soil Solarization: This technique involves covering the area with clear plastic to heat the soil and kill any remaining roots and seeds. This is most effective during the summer months when the sun is strongest.
Professional Assistance: If you’re dealing with a particularly large or difficult shrub, or if you’re concerned about damaging the foundation, it’s best to call in a professional arborist. They have the expertise and equipment to remove the shrub safely and efficiently.

Girdling Procedure:

Remove a 4-6 inch wide strip of bark around the entire circumference of the trunk.
Expose the cambium layer (the green layer beneath the bark).
Apply a herbicide to the exposed cambium layer.

Actionable Tip: When hiring a professional arborist, be sure to ask for references and check their credentials. Make sure they are licensed and insured.

Safety Considerations: A Paramount Concern

Safety should always be your top priority when removing shrubs near foundations. Here are some key safety considerations to keep in mind.

Wear Appropriate Safety Gear: Always wear safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection when using power tools. If you’re using a chainsaw, wear a helmet and chaps as well.
Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Watch out for overhead power lines, underground utilities, and other potential hazards.
Use Tools Properly: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for all tools. Never use a tool for a purpose for which it was not designed.
Take Breaks: Shrub removal can be physically demanding. Take frequent breaks to avoid fatigue.
Work in Good Weather: Avoid working in wet or icy conditions.

Emergency Procedures:

In case of injury, administer first aid and seek medical attention if necessary.
If you hit a utility line, evacuate the area immediately and call the utility company.
If you experience any symptoms of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, stop working and seek medical attention.

Actionable Tip: Create a safety checklist before starting the job. This will help you identify potential hazards and take steps to mitigate them.

Legal and Environmental Considerations

Before removing any shrubs, it’s important to be aware of any legal or environmental considerations that may apply.

Check Local Regulations: Some municipalities have regulations regarding tree and shrub removal. Check with your local government to see if any permits are required.
Protect Wildlife: Be mindful of any wildlife that may be living in or around the shrub. Avoid removing shrubs during nesting season.
Dispose of Debris Properly: Dispose of shrub debris in an environmentally responsible manner. Compost it, chip it for mulch, or take it to a local landfill.
Consider Replacement Planting: After removing the shrub, consider planting a new tree or shrub in its place. Choose a species that is appropriate for the site and that will not pose a threat to the foundation.

Sustainable Practices:

Compost shrub debris to create nutrient-rich soil amendments.
Use wood chips as mulch to suppress weeds and retain moisture.
Plant native species to support local ecosystems.

Actionable Tip: Contact your local extension office for information on sustainable landscaping practices.

Maintaining a Healthy Foundation

Removing a shrub is just one step in maintaining a healthy foundation. Here are some other things you can do to protect your home’s foundation.

Inspect Regularly: Inspect your foundation regularly for cracks, leaks, and other signs of damage.
Maintain Proper Drainage: Ensure that the soil around the foundation slopes away from the house to prevent water from pooling. Clean gutters and downspouts regularly to prevent water from overflowing and seeping into the foundation.
Control Vegetation: Keep trees and shrubs trimmed back away from the foundation. Remove any vegetation that is growing too close to the foundation.
Seal Cracks: Seal any cracks in the foundation with hydraulic cement or other appropriate patching material.
Install a Waterproofing System: If you live in an area with high water tables, consider installing a waterproofing system to protect your foundation from water damage.

Foundation Inspection Checklist:

Cracks: Look for cracks in the foundation walls and slab.
Leaks: Check for water leaks around windows, doors, and pipes.
Efflorescence: Look for white, powdery deposits on the foundation walls (a sign of moisture).
Settlement: Check for signs of settlement, such as sloping floors or doors that stick.

Actionable Tip: Consult with a foundation specialist for a professional inspection and advice on maintaining a healthy foundation.

Final Thoughts: A Job Well Done

Removing a shrub near a foundation can be a challenging but rewarding task. By following these expert tips, you can remove the shrub safely and effectively, while protecting your home’s foundation. Remember to assess the situation, gather the right tools, excavate carefully, protect the foundation, and provide post-removal care. And always prioritize safety. With a little planning and effort, you can achieve a job well done and enjoy a healthier, more stable home.

My journey in wood processing and logging has taught me that patience and precision are key. Whether you’re felling a giant oak or removing a small shrub, taking the time to do it right will always pay off in the long run. So, grab your tools, put on your safety gear, and get to work! You’ve got this.

How to Remove a Shrub Near Foundations (5 Expert Woodcutting Tips)