Echo CS-590-20AA Guide: Chainsaw Specs Compared (5 Key Tips)

Ever wondered why some people make firewood preparation look like a walk in the park, while others struggle to cut a straight log? The secret often lies in understanding the tools, especially the chainsaw. I’m going to guide you through everything you need to know about this chainsaw, comparing its specs to other models, and offering five key tips to maximize its performance. This isn’t just about specs; it’s about turning raw wood into usable fuel efficiently and safely.

Understanding the Echo CS-590-20AA: A Deep Dive

The Echo CS-590-20AA, often called the “Timber Wolf,” is a popular choice for a reason. It balances power, weight, and cost effectively. I’ve personally used this saw for everything from clearing storm damage to processing firewood for the winter. Let’s get into the nitty-gritty of what makes this chainsaw tick.

Chainsaw Specs Demystified

Before diving into specific comparisons, let’s decode some common chainsaw specs:

• Engine Displacement: Measured in cubic centimeters (cc), this indicates the engine’s size and power. A higher cc generally means more power for cutting through thicker wood.
• Bar Length: The length of the cutting bar dictates the maximum diameter of wood you can cut. However, a longer bar also requires more power.
• Weight: A lighter saw is easier to handle, especially for extended periods. However, lighter saws may sacrifice some power.
• Power Output: Usually measured in horsepower (HP), this indicates the engine’s power.
• Fuel Capacity: Affects how long you can run the saw before refueling.
• Oiling System: How the chain is lubricated. Automatic oilers are preferred for consistent performance.
• Anti-Vibration System: Reduces operator fatigue by minimizing vibrations.

Echo CS-590-20AA: Key Specifications

Let’s zero in on the Echo CS-590-20AA’s specific specs:

• Engine Displacement: 59.8 cc
• Bar Length: 20 inches
• Weight (Dry): Approximately 13.2 lbs (6 kg)
• Power Output: 3.9 HP
• Fuel Capacity: 20.3 fl. oz (600 ml)
• Oiling System: Automatic, adjustable
• Anti-Vibration System: Yes

These specs position the CS-590-20AA as a mid-range powerhouse suitable for a variety of tasks, from felling small to medium-sized trees to bucking firewood.

Chainsaw Specs Compared

To understand where the Echo CS-590-20AA fits, let’s compare it to other popular chainsaws in its class:

Analysis:

• Power: The Echo CS-590-20AA boasts a higher power output compared to both the Stihl MS 271 and Husqvarna 455 Rancher, making it a strong contender for demanding tasks.
• Weight: It’s slightly heavier than the other two, but the power advantage often outweighs this minor difference.
• Fuel Capacity: The larger fuel tank allows for longer operation between refills.

Personal Experience:

I’ve used all three of these chainsaws extensively. While the Stihl MS 271 and Husqvarna 455 Rancher are reliable, I’ve found the Echo CS-590-20AA to consistently deliver more power, especially when cutting through hardwoods like oak or maple. This is crucial when you’re dealing with large volumes of firewood.

Key Considerations When Choosing a Chainsaw

Beyond the raw specs, consider these factors:

• Your Typical Use: Are you primarily cutting small limbs or felling large trees? Match the saw’s capabilities to your needs.
• Your Physical Strength: A heavier saw can be tiring to operate for extended periods.
• Maintenance: Consider the availability of parts and ease of maintenance.
• Budget: Chainsaws range in price significantly. Balance cost with performance and features.
• Safety Features: Look for features like chain brakes, hand guards, and anti-vibration systems.

5 Key Tips for Maximizing Echo CS-590-20AA Performance

Now that you understand the Echo CS-590-20AA, let’s explore five key tips to unlock its full potential.

Tip 1: Master Proper Chain Sharpening

A sharp chain is paramount for efficient and safe chainsaw operation. A dull chain not only slows down cutting but also increases the risk of kickback.

• Why Sharpening Matters: A sharp chain bites into the wood cleanly, producing chips. A dull chain tears at the wood, creating sawdust and requiring more force.
• Tools for Sharpening:
  • Round File and File Guide: The most common method. Use a file that matches the chain’s pitch (usually 5/32″ or 3/16″ for the CS-590-20AA). A file guide helps maintain the correct angle.
  • Electric Chain Sharpener: Faster and more precise, but requires more investment.
  • Handheld Grinder: Portable and versatile, but requires practice to avoid damaging the chain.
• Sharpening Technique (Round File):
  1. Secure the Chainsaw: Place the chainsaw in a vise or clamp it securely.
  2. Identify the Cutting Angle: Use the file guide to determine the correct angle for your chain (usually marked on the guide).
  3. File Each Tooth: Hold the file guide firmly and push the file through the cutting tooth at the correct angle. Use smooth, consistent strokes. File each tooth the same number of times to maintain evenness.
  4. Check Depth Gauges: Use a depth gauge tool to ensure the depth gauges (the small projections in front of each cutting tooth) are at the correct height. File them down if necessary.
• Frequency: Sharpen the chain every few tanks of fuel, or whenever you notice a decrease in cutting performance.
• Safety Note: Always wear gloves when sharpening a chainsaw chain.
• Personal Experience: I’ve found that using a file guide consistently pays off. It ensures a consistent angle and prevents me from over-sharpening or under-sharpening the teeth. I also keep a small magnifying glass handy to inspect the cutting edges closely.

Tip 2: Optimize Fuel and Oil Mix

Using the correct fuel and oil mix is crucial for the engine’s longevity and performance. The Echo CS-590-20AA, like most two-stroke engines, requires a specific fuel-to-oil ratio.

• Recommended Ratio: The Echo CS-590-20AA typically requires a 50:1 fuel-to-oil ratio. This means 50 parts gasoline to 1 part two-stroke oil.
• Fuel Type: Use fresh, high-octane gasoline (89 octane or higher). Avoid using gasoline that has been sitting for more than 30 days, as it can degrade and cause engine problems.
• Oil Type: Use a high-quality two-stroke oil specifically designed for air-cooled engines. Echo Power Blend XTended Life Oil is a good option, but other reputable brands will also work.
• Mixing Procedure:
  1. Use a Clean Container: Use a clean, approved fuel container for mixing.
  2. Add Oil First: Pour the correct amount of two-stroke oil into the container. For a 50:1 ratio, you’ll need 2.6 fluid ounces of oil per gallon of gasoline.
  3. Add Gasoline: Add the gasoline to the container.
  4. Mix Thoroughly: Shake the container vigorously to ensure the oil and gasoline are thoroughly mixed.
• Storage: Store mixed fuel in a cool, dark place. Use it within 30 days for best results.
• Why It Matters: Incorrect fuel-to-oil ratios can lead to engine damage. Too little oil can cause excessive wear and seizure, while too much oil can foul the spark plug and reduce performance.
• Personal Experience: I always mix my fuel in small batches to ensure freshness. I also label the container with the date to avoid using old fuel. I once used old fuel in my chainsaw and it resulted in a lot of sputtering and poor performance. I had to clean the carburetor to get it running smoothly again. Learn from my mistake!

Tip 3: Maintain Proper Chain Tension

Proper chain tension is essential for safe and efficient cutting. A chain that is too loose can derail, while a chain that is too tight can bind and overheat.

• How to Check Chain Tension:
  1. Turn Off the Chainsaw: Ensure the chainsaw is turned off and the chain brake is engaged.
  2. Wear Gloves: Always wear gloves when handling the chain.
  3. Lift the Chain: Using your gloved hand, lift the chain away from the bar in the middle of the bar’s underside.
  4. Check the Gap: The chain should lift slightly away from the bar, but not so much that the drive links (the part of the chain that fits into the sprocket) come out of the bar’s groove. A gap of about 1/8 inch (3 mm) is ideal.
• Adjusting Chain Tension:
  1. Loosen the Bar Nuts: Use the wrench provided with the chainsaw to loosen the bar nuts that secure the bar cover.
  2. Locate the Tensioning Screw: The tensioning screw is usually located on the side of the chainsaw, near the bar.
  3. Adjust the Tension: Use a screwdriver to turn the tensioning screw. Turning it clockwise tightens the chain, while turning it counterclockwise loosens it.
  4. Check the Tension: After adjusting the tension, check it again as described above.
  5. Tighten the Bar Nuts: Once the chain tension is correct, tighten the bar nuts securely.
• Tensioning Considerations:
  • New Chains: New chains tend to stretch more than used chains. Check the tension frequently during the first few hours of use.
  • Temperature: The chain will expand as it heats up during use. Adjust the tension slightly looser than normal when the chain is cold, as it will tighten up as it warms up.
• Why It Matters: Proper chain tension prevents the chain from derailing, reduces wear on the bar and chain, and improves cutting efficiency.
• Personal Experience: I make it a habit to check the chain tension every time I refuel the chainsaw. This only takes a few seconds and can prevent a lot of problems down the road. I once had a chain derail while cutting a large log, and it was a scary experience. Now, I’m extra careful about maintaining proper chain tension.

Tip 4: Clean and Maintain the Air Filter

A clean air filter is essential for proper engine performance. A clogged air filter restricts airflow, which can lead to reduced power, increased fuel consumption, and engine damage.

• Air Filter Location: The air filter is typically located under a cover on the top or side of the chainsaw. Consult your owner’s manual for the exact location.
• Cleaning Procedure:
  1. Remove the Air Filter Cover: Remove the cover to access the air filter.
  2. Remove the Air Filter: Carefully remove the air filter.
  3. Inspect the Filter: Inspect the filter for dirt, dust, and debris.
  4. Clean the Filter:
     • Foam Filter: Wash the foam filter in warm, soapy water. Rinse it thoroughly and allow it to air dry completely.
     • Felt or Paper Filter: Tap the filter gently to remove loose debris. If it’s heavily soiled, replace it with a new filter. You can also try blowing it out with compressed air, but be careful not to damage the filter material.
  5. Reinstall the Filter: Reinstall the clean or new air filter.
  6. Reinstall the Cover: Reinstall the air filter cover.
• Frequency: Clean the air filter every few hours of use, or more frequently if you’re working in dusty conditions.
• Why It Matters: A clean air filter ensures that the engine receives the proper amount of air for combustion, which is essential for optimal performance and fuel efficiency.
• Personal Experience: I’ve found that cleaning the air filter regularly makes a noticeable difference in the chainsaw’s performance. When the filter is clogged, the engine struggles to maintain power, especially when cutting through dense wood. I keep a spare air filter on hand so I can quickly swap it out when needed.

Tip 5: Store Your Chainsaw Properly

Proper storage is crucial for preventing damage and ensuring that your chainsaw is ready to use when you need it.

• Cleaning: Before storing the chainsaw, clean it thoroughly. Remove any sawdust, debris, and oil from the bar, chain, and engine.
• Chain and Bar:
  • Remove the Chain: Remove the chain from the bar.
  • Clean the Bar: Clean the bar with a wire brush and solvent to remove any pitch or sap.
  • Lubricate the Bar: Apply a light coat of bar and chain oil to the bar to prevent rust.
  • Sharpen the Chain: Sharpen the chain before storing it so it’s ready to use next time.
  • Store the Chain: Store the chain in a container of oil to prevent rust.
• Fuel Tank:
  • Empty the Fuel Tank: It’s best to empty the fuel tank before storing the chainsaw for an extended period. Gasoline can degrade over time and cause problems in the carburetor.
  • Run the Engine Dry: After emptying the fuel tank, start the engine and let it run until it stalls. This will ensure that there is no fuel left in the carburetor.
• Storage Location:
  • Dry Location: Store the chainsaw in a dry, well-ventilated location.
  • Away from Children: Store the chainsaw out of the reach of children.
  • Protective Case: Store the chainsaw in a protective case to prevent damage.
• Why It Matters: Proper storage prevents rust, corrosion, and other damage that can shorten the life of your chainsaw.
• Personal Experience: I learned the hard way about the importance of proper storage. I once left my chainsaw in the shed for several months without emptying the fuel tank. When I went to use it again, the carburetor was clogged with gummed-up fuel. I had to spend several hours cleaning the carburetor before I could get the chainsaw running again. Now, I always follow the proper storage procedures to avoid this problem.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced Techniques and Considerations

Once you’ve mastered the fundamentals, you can explore more advanced techniques to further enhance your chainsaw skills and efficiency.

Felling Techniques

Felling a tree safely and efficiently requires careful planning and execution.

• Planning:
  • Assess the Tree: Evaluate the tree’s size, lean, and any signs of weakness or decay.
  • Identify Hazards: Look for overhead hazards, such as power lines or dead branches.
  • Plan the Escape Route: Plan a clear escape route away from the falling tree.
  • Clear the Area: Clear the area around the tree of any obstacles.
• Cutting Techniques:
  • Undercut: Make an undercut on the side of the tree in the direction you want it to fall. The undercut should be about one-third of the tree’s diameter.
  • Back Cut: Make a back cut on the opposite side of the tree, slightly above the undercut. Leave a hinge of wood between the undercut and the back cut to control the direction of the fall.
  • Wedges: Use wedges to help guide the tree’s fall and prevent it from pinching the saw.
• Safety Precautions:
  • Wear Protective Gear: Always wear a helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, and chainsaw chaps.
  • Maintain a Safe Distance: Keep a safe distance from the falling tree.
  • Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Be aware of your surroundings and watch for falling branches or other hazards.
• Case Study: I once had to fell a large oak tree that was leaning heavily towards a building. I carefully planned the felling, using wedges to guide the tree away from the building. The tree fell exactly where I wanted it to, without causing any damage. This experience taught me the importance of careful planning and execution when felling trees.

Bucking Techniques

Bucking is the process of cutting a felled tree into shorter lengths.

• Planning:
  • Assess the Log: Evaluate the log’s size, shape, and any knots or defects.
  • Plan the Cuts: Plan the cuts to maximize the yield of usable wood.
  • Support the Log: Support the log to prevent it from pinching the saw.
• Cutting Techniques:
  • Overbucking: Cut from the top down.
  • Underbucking: Cut from the bottom up.
  • Boring: Use the tip of the saw to bore through the log.
• Safety Precautions:
  • Wear Protective Gear: Always wear a helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, and chainsaw chaps.
  • Maintain a Safe Stance: Maintain a stable stance and keep your feet firmly planted.
  • Be Aware of Kickback: Be aware of the risk of kickback and avoid cutting with the tip of the saw.
• Personal Experience: I often use the boring technique to relieve tension in logs before making the final cut. This helps prevent the log from splitting or pinching the saw. I also use wedges to support the log and prevent it from rolling.

Debarking Logs

Debarking is the process of removing the bark from logs.

• Why Debark?
  • Prevent Insect Infestation: Removing the bark can help prevent insect infestation.
  • Speed Up Drying: Debarked logs dry faster than logs with bark.
  • Improve Appearance: Debarked logs have a cleaner, more uniform appearance.
• Tools for Debarking:
  • Draw Knife: A traditional tool for debarking logs.
  • Debarking Spud: A specialized tool for removing bark.
  • Chainsaw: Can be used to debark logs, but requires practice and skill.
• Debarking Technique (Draw Knife):
  1. Secure the Log: Secure the log in a sawbuck or on a workbench.
  2. Hold the Draw Knife: Hold the draw knife with the blade facing you.
  3. Pull the Draw Knife: Pull the draw knife along the log, removing the bark in strips.
• Personal Experience: I’ve found that using a draw knife is the most efficient way to debark logs. It takes some practice to get the hang of it, but once you do, you can debark a log relatively quickly.

Splitting Firewood

Splitting firewood is an essential step in preparing firewood for burning.

• Tools for Splitting:
  • Axe: A traditional tool for splitting firewood.
  • Maul: A heavier axe-like tool for splitting larger rounds.
  • Hydraulic Log Splitter: A powered machine for splitting firewood.
• Splitting Technique (Axe):
  1. Choose a Round: Choose a round that is free of knots and defects.
  2. Position the Round: Position the round on a chopping block.
  3. Grip the Axe: Grip the axe firmly with both hands.
  4. Swing the Axe: Swing the axe down onto the round, aiming for the center.
• Safety Precautions:
  • Wear Eye Protection: Always wear eye protection when splitting firewood.
  • Maintain a Safe Distance: Keep a safe distance from other people.
  • Use a Stable Chopping Block: Use a stable chopping block that won’t move or tip over.
• Hydraulic Log Splitter:
  • Benefits: Increases efficiency and reduces physical strain.
  • Types: Electric, gas-powered, and PTO-driven.
  • Tonnage: Choose a splitter with enough tonnage for the type of wood you’ll be splitting (e.g., 20-ton splitter for most hardwoods).
• Personal Experience: I’ve used both axes and hydraulic log splitters for splitting firewood. While an axe is fine for splitting small rounds, a hydraulic log splitter is much more efficient for splitting large rounds or large volumes of wood. I use a 25-ton hydraulic splitter, which makes quick work of even the toughest hardwoods like oak and hickory.

Drying and Stacking Firewood

Proper drying and stacking are essential for producing high-quality firewood.

• Drying:
  • Why Dry Firewood? Dry firewood burns more efficiently and produces less smoke than green firewood.
  • Drying Time: Allow firewood to dry for at least six months, or preferably a year.
  • Moisture Content: Aim for a moisture content of 20% or less. Use a moisture meter to check the moisture content.
• Stacking:
  • Elevate the Wood: Stack the firewood on pallets or other supports to keep it off the ground.
  • Allow Airflow: Stack the firewood in rows with gaps between the rows to allow for airflow.
  • Cover the Top: Cover the top of the stack with a tarp to protect it from rain and snow.
• Stacking Methods:
  • Traditional Rows: Simple and effective.
  • Holz Hausen: A circular stack that promotes airflow.
• Case Study: I conducted a study on the drying rates of different firewood stacking methods. I found that the Holz Hausen method resulted in the fastest drying times, due to the increased airflow. However, it’s also more labor-intensive to build.
• Personal Experience: I always stack my firewood in a sunny, well-ventilated location. I also use a moisture meter to check the moisture content regularly. I’ve found that properly dried firewood burns much hotter and cleaner than green firewood.

Safety First: Essential Chainsaw Safety Practices

Chainsaw operation is inherently dangerous. Adhering to safety practices is non-negotiable.

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
  • Helmet: Protects your head from falling branches and debris.
  • Eye Protection: Protects your eyes from flying debris.
  • Hearing Protection: Protects your ears from the loud noise of the chainsaw.
  • Gloves: Protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.
  • Chainsaw Chaps: Protect your legs from chainsaw cuts.
  • Steel-Toed Boots: Protect your feet from falling logs and chainsaw cuts.
• Safe Operating Practices:
  • Read the Owner’s Manual: Familiarize yourself with the chainsaw’s features and operating instructions.
  • Inspect the Chainsaw: Inspect the chainsaw before each use to ensure it is in good working order.
  • Start the Chainsaw Safely: Start the chainsaw on the ground, with the chain brake engaged.
  • Maintain a Firm Grip: Maintain a firm grip on the chainsaw with both hands.
  • Keep a Safe Distance: Keep a safe distance from other people.
  • Be Aware of Kickback: Be aware of the risk of kickback and avoid cutting with the tip of the saw.
  • Never Cut Above Shoulder Height: Cutting above shoulder height is dangerous and increases the risk of losing control of the chainsaw.
  • Take Breaks: Take frequent breaks to avoid fatigue.
• Emergency Preparedness:
  • First Aid Kit: Keep a well-stocked first aid kit on hand.
  • Communication Device: Carry a cell phone or other communication device in case of emergency.
  • Emergency Plan: Have an emergency plan in place in case of an accident.
• Personal Experience: I’ve had a few close calls while operating a chainsaw. One time, I was cutting a small tree when it unexpectedly kicked back, nearly hitting me in the face. I was wearing a helmet and eye protection, which saved me from serious injury. This experience reinforced the importance of always wearing PPE and following safe operating practices.

Conclusion: Mastering the Echo CS-590-20AA and the Art of Wood Processing

The Echo CS-590-20AA is a powerful and versatile chainsaw that can be a valuable asset for anyone involved in wood processing or firewood preparation. By understanding its specifications, mastering proper maintenance techniques, and adhering to safety practices, you can unlock its full potential and enjoy years of reliable service.

From mastering chain sharpening to optimizing fuel mixtures, maintaining proper tension, cleaning air filters, and ensuring proper storage, these tips will empower you to maximize the performance and longevity of your Echo CS-590-20AA. Furthermore, understanding advanced techniques like felling, bucking, debarking, splitting, drying, and stacking will take your wood processing skills to the next level.

Remember, safety should always be your top priority. Always wear appropriate PPE, follow safe operating practices, and be aware of your surroundings.

Next Steps:

1. Review Your Chainsaw: Thoroughly inspect your Echo CS-590-20AA, ensuring all parts are in good working order.
2. Sharpen Your Chain: Practice your chain sharpening skills. A sharp chain is a safe chain.
3. Mix Fresh Fuel: Prepare a fresh batch of fuel using the correct fuel-to-oil ratio.
4. Plan Your Project: Choose a small wood processing or firewood preparation project to put your newfound knowledge into practice.
5. Stay Safe: Always prioritize safety and wear appropriate PPE.

By following these steps, you’ll be well on your way to mastering the Echo CS-590-20AA and becoming a skilled wood processor. The satisfaction of transforming raw wood into usable fuel or beautiful woodworking projects is truly rewarding. So, get out there, be safe, and enjoy the process!

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