Decorative Wood Chippings: Best Types & Uses Explained (Arborist Tips)

The trend towards natural landscaping and sustainable gardening is stronger than ever. One of the most visible and versatile elements of this trend is the use of decorative wood chippings. As an arborist with years of experience turning trees into everything from lumber to firewood, I’ve seen firsthand how wood chippings, often considered a byproduct, can be transformed into a valuable asset for both aesthetics and functionality. It’s not just about making your garden look pretty; it’s about improving soil health, conserving water, and even controlling pests. This guide dives deep into the world of decorative wood chippings, covering the best types, their diverse uses, and providing arborist tips to help you make the most of this readily available resource.

Understanding Decorative Wood Chippings

Before we delve into the specifics, let’s define what we’re talking about. Decorative wood chippings are simply processed wood pieces, larger than sawdust but smaller than firewood, used primarily for ornamental and practical purposes in landscaping and gardening. The source material, size, and processing methods determine the final product’s appearance, durability, and suitability for different applications.

Key Concepts: Green Wood vs. Seasoned Wood

It’s crucial to understand the difference between green wood and seasoned wood when dealing with wood chippings.

Green Wood: This is freshly cut wood with a high moisture content. It’s heavier, more pliable, and more susceptible to fungal growth. Chippings made from green wood will decompose faster and may attract pests if not properly managed.
Seasoned Wood: This wood has been allowed to dry, reducing its moisture content. Seasoned wood is lighter, more stable, and less prone to decay. Chippings made from seasoned wood will last longer and provide better weed suppression.

The ideal moisture content for wood chippings intended for decorative purposes is typically below 20%. I’ve found that allowing wood to air-dry for at least six months before chipping significantly improves the quality and longevity of the resulting chippings.

Defining Decorative vs. Utility Wood Chippings

While all wood chippings serve a purpose, there’s a distinction between decorative and utility grades.

Decorative Wood Chippings: These are specifically chosen for their appearance. They often come from particular wood species known for their color, texture, or aroma. Size uniformity is also a key factor.
Utility Wood Chippings: These are primarily used for practical purposes like mulching, erosion control, or animal bedding. Appearance is less important, and the chipping may be more irregular in size and composition.

For example, I once used a mix of oak and cherry wood chippings around a client’s rose garden for their rich color and subtle fragrance, definitely a decorative application. On another project, I used a coarser mix of pine and fir chippings to create a pathway through a wooded area, focusing on durability and weed suppression, a clear utility application.

Best Types of Decorative Wood Chippings

The “best” type of wood chipping depends heavily on your specific needs and aesthetic preferences. Here’s a breakdown of some popular options, along with my personal experiences and recommendations:

1. Cedar Wood Chippings

Characteristics: Cedar chippings are known for their reddish-brown color, aromatic scent, and natural insect-repelling properties. They decompose slowly, making them a long-lasting option.
Uses: Ideal for flower beds, vegetable gardens, and playgrounds. The natural oils in cedar help deter pests like slugs and snails.
Arborist Tip: Be cautious when using cedar chippings around acid-loving plants, as they can slightly raise the soil pH over time.
Personal Experience: I’ve used cedar chippings extensively in my own vegetable garden. I’ve noticed a significant reduction in slug damage compared to areas where I use other types of mulch.

2. Pine Bark Chippings

Characteristics: Pine bark chippings come in various sizes, from small nuggets to larger chunks. They have a rich brown color and a slightly acidic pH, making them suitable for acid-loving plants.
Uses: Excellent for mulching around azaleas, rhododendrons, and blueberries. They also provide good weed suppression and moisture retention.
Arborist Tip: Pine bark chippings tend to float when heavily watered, so avoid using them in areas prone to flooding.
Personal Experience: I once used pine bark nuggets to create a natural-looking pathway through a woodland garden. The nuggets provided good traction and blended seamlessly with the surrounding environment.

3. Hardwood Chippings (Oak, Maple, Cherry)

Characteristics: Hardwood chippings offer a variety of colors and textures, depending on the specific wood species. They decompose at a moderate rate and provide good nutrient enrichment to the soil.
Uses: Versatile option for general mulching, pathways, and play areas.
Arborist Tip: Avoid using hardwood chippings from diseased trees, as they may harbor pathogens that can infect other plants.
Personal Experience: I’ve used oak chippings extensively in my own landscaping projects. They are durable, readily available, and provide a natural, rustic look. I particularly like using them around trees and shrubs.

4. Cypress Wood Chippings

Characteristics: Cypress wood chippings are known for their resistance to decay and insects. They have a light color and a pleasant aroma.
Uses: Suitable for areas with high moisture levels, such as around ponds or in coastal regions.
Arborist Tip: Cypress wood is often sourced from old-growth forests, so consider the environmental impact before using it. Look for sustainably harvested options if possible.
Personal Experience: I have limited experience with cypress chippings due to their environmental concerns. However, I have seen them used effectively in wetland restoration projects to control erosion.

5. Rubber Chippings (Recycled Tires)

Characteristics: While not technically wood, rubber chippings are a popular alternative for playgrounds and other high-traffic areas. They are durable, non-toxic, and provide excellent shock absorption.
Uses: Primarily used for playgrounds, athletic fields, and walking trails.
Arborist Tip: Rubber chippings can heat up in direct sunlight, so consider using them in shaded areas or mixing them with other materials.
Personal Experience: I’ve worked on several playground projects where rubber chippings were used as a safety surface. They are a good option for minimizing injuries from falls.

Comparative Table of Wood Chippings

Type of Wood Chippings	Color	Decomposition Rate	pH	Best Uses	Pros	Cons
Cedar	Reddish-Brown	Slow	Slightly Alkaline	Flower Beds, Vegetable Gardens, Playgrounds	Insect-repelling, Aromatic, Long-lasting	Can raise soil pH, more expensive
Pine Bark	Brown	Moderate	Acidic	Azaleas, Rhododendrons, Blueberries, Pathways	Weed suppression, Moisture retention, Good for acid-loving plants	Can float when watered, may need replenishment more frequently
Hardwood	Variable	Moderate	Neutral	General Mulching, Pathways, Play Areas	Versatile, Provides nutrient enrichment, Readily available	May harbor pathogens, can attract termites
Cypress	Light	Slow	Neutral	Areas with High Moisture, Coastal Regions	Decay-resistant, Insect-resistant, Pleasant aroma	Environmental concerns, May be more expensive
Rubber	Variable	Very Slow	Neutral	Playgrounds, Athletic Fields, Walking Trails	Durable, Non-toxic, Shock absorption	Can heat up in sunlight, Not biodegradable, May have a rubbery smell

Uses of Decorative Wood Chippings

Decorative wood chippings are incredibly versatile, offering a range of benefits beyond just aesthetics. Here are some common applications:

1. Mulching

Mulching is perhaps the most well-known use of wood chippings. A layer of wood chippings around plants helps:

Conserve Moisture: Reduces evaporation from the soil surface, keeping plants hydrated.
Suppress Weeds: Blocks sunlight, preventing weed seeds from germinating.
Regulate Soil Temperature: Insulates the soil, protecting plant roots from extreme temperatures.
Enrich the Soil: As the chippings decompose, they add organic matter to the soil, improving its structure and fertility.

Application Tips:

Apply a layer of 2-4 inches of wood chippings around plants.
Keep the chippings a few inches away from the base of the plant to prevent rot.
Replenish the chippings as needed, typically once or twice a year.

I once helped a local community garden implement a mulching program using donated wood chippings. They saw a significant reduction in their water consumption and weed problems, leading to healthier plants and increased yields.

2. Pathways and Walkways

Wood chippings can create attractive and functional pathways through gardens and landscapes. They provide a soft, natural surface to walk on and help prevent soil erosion.

Construction Tips:

Clear the area of vegetation and debris.
Lay down a layer of landscape fabric to prevent weeds from growing up through the chippings.
Apply a layer of 4-6 inches of wood chippings.
Compact the chippings with a roller or tamper.

I’ve built numerous pathways using wood chippings. I always recommend using a thicker layer of chippings in high-traffic areas to prevent them from wearing down quickly.

3. Playgrounds and Play Areas

As mentioned earlier, rubber chippings are a popular choice for playgrounds due to their shock-absorbing properties. However, wood chippings can also be used in play areas, especially in more natural settings.

Safety Considerations:

Use wood chippings that are free of splinters and sharp edges.
Maintain a depth of at least 12 inches of chippings to provide adequate cushioning.
Regularly inspect the play area for debris and hazards.

I’ve seen wood chippings used effectively in natural playgrounds, creating a safe and stimulating environment for children to play.

4. Erosion Control

Wood chippings can be used to stabilize slopes and prevent soil erosion, especially in areas with heavy rainfall or runoff.

Application Techniques:

Apply a thick layer of wood chippings to the affected area.
Use erosion control blankets or netting to hold the chippings in place.
Plant vegetation to further stabilize the soil.

I once helped a homeowner stabilize a steep slope in their backyard using wood chippings and erosion control blankets. The chippings provided immediate protection from erosion, while the blankets helped hold them in place until the vegetation could establish itself.

5. Animal Bedding

Wood chippings can be used as bedding for livestock, poultry, and other animals. They provide a comfortable and absorbent surface and help control odors.

Selection Tips:

Use wood chippings that are free of chemicals and contaminants.
Choose a size that is appropriate for the type of animal.
Regularly clean and replace the bedding to prevent the buildup of bacteria and ammonia.

I’ve seen wood chippings used successfully as bedding for chickens, horses, and other farm animals. They are a cost-effective and readily available alternative to traditional bedding materials like straw or hay.

Arborist Tips for Working with Wood Chippings

Here are some additional tips based on my experience as an arborist:

1. Source Your Chippings Wisely

The source of your wood chippings is crucial. Ideally, you should source them from a reputable arborist or tree service company that uses sustainable forestry practices. Avoid using chippings from trees that have been treated with chemicals or are diseased.

I always tell my clients to ask their arborist about the source of the chippings. A good arborist will be transparent about their practices and willing to provide information about the wood species and any treatments that have been applied.

2. Consider the Wood Species

As we discussed earlier, different wood species have different properties. Consider the specific needs of your plants and choose chippings that are appropriate for their pH requirements and nutrient needs.

For example, acid-loving plants like azaleas and rhododendrons will benefit from pine bark chippings, while other plants may prefer hardwood chippings.

3. Monitor Moisture Levels

Wood chippings can retain moisture, which can be beneficial in dry climates. However, excessive moisture can lead to fungal growth and rot. Monitor the moisture levels in your chippings and adjust your watering schedule accordingly.

I often use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of wood chippings. This helps me determine whether I need to add more water or improve drainage.

4. Watch for Pests

Wood chippings can provide habitat for pests like termites and ants. Regularly inspect your chippings for signs of infestation and take appropriate action if necessary.

I recommend using a natural insecticide like diatomaceous earth to control pests in wood chippings. This is a safe and effective alternative to chemical pesticides.

5. Refresh Your Chippings Regularly

Wood chippings will decompose over time, so it’s important to refresh them regularly. This will help maintain their aesthetic appeal and ensure that they continue to provide the benefits you’re looking for.

I typically recommend refreshing wood chippings once or twice a year, depending on the rate of decomposition.

Tools and Equipment for Processing and Applying Wood Chippings

While you can purchase wood chippings ready-made, processing your own can be cost-effective, especially if you have access to trees or branches. Here are some tools and equipment you might need:

1. Chainsaw

A chainsaw is essential for felling trees and cutting branches into manageable sizes for chipping.

Specifications: I recommend a chainsaw with a 16-18 inch bar for most general-purpose tree work. A 50-60cc engine provides sufficient power for cutting through most types of wood.
Safety Gear: Always wear appropriate safety gear when operating a chainsaw, including a helmet, eye protection, hearing protection, gloves, and chaps.
Personal Experience: I’ve been using chainsaws for over 20 years. I’ve found that regular maintenance, including sharpening the chain and cleaning the air filter, is essential for keeping your chainsaw running smoothly and safely.

2. Wood Chipper

A wood chipper is used to process branches and small trees into wood chippings.

Types: There are two main types of wood chippers: drum chippers and disc chippers. Drum chippers are generally more powerful and can handle larger branches, while disc chippers are more compact and portable.
Capacity: Choose a wood chipper with a capacity that is appropriate for the size of the branches you will be chipping. A 6-inch capacity chipper is sufficient for most residential applications.
Safety Features: Look for a wood chipper with safety features like a feed control bar and an emergency stop button.
Personal Experience: I’ve used both drum chippers and disc chippers. I prefer drum chippers for larger projects, but disc chippers are more convenient for smaller jobs.

3. Axes and Splitting Mauls

Axes and splitting mauls are used for splitting larger pieces of wood into smaller sizes that can be fed into a wood chipper.

Types: An axe is used for chopping wood, while a splitting maul is used for splitting wood along the grain.
Weight: Choose an axe or splitting maul with a weight that you can comfortably swing for extended periods of time. A 6-8 pound splitting maul is a good choice for most users.
Safety: Always wear safety glasses and gloves when using an axe or splitting maul.
Personal Experience: I’ve been splitting wood by hand for many years. I’ve found that using a splitting maul with a fiberglass handle is more comfortable and reduces fatigue.

4. Log Splitter

A log splitter is a hydraulic machine that is used to split large logs into smaller pieces. This can be a significant time-saver compared to splitting wood by hand.

Types: There are two main types of log splitters: hydraulic log splitters and electric log splitters. Hydraulic log splitters are more powerful and can handle larger logs, while electric log splitters are quieter and more environmentally friendly.
Tonnage: Choose a log splitter with a tonnage rating that is appropriate for the size of the logs you will be splitting. A 20-ton log splitter is sufficient for most residential applications.
Safety: Always wear safety glasses and gloves when operating a log splitter.
Personal Experience: I’ve used both hydraulic log splitters and electric log splitters. I prefer hydraulic log splitters for their power and speed, but electric log splitters are a good option for smaller projects or in areas where noise is a concern.

5. Wheelbarrow or Cart

A wheelbarrow or cart is used for transporting wood chippings from the wood chipper to their final destination.

Capacity: Choose a wheelbarrow or cart with a capacity that is appropriate for the amount of wood chippings you will be transporting. A 6-cubic-foot wheelbarrow is a good choice for most residential applications.
Durability: Choose a wheelbarrow or cart that is made from durable materials and can withstand heavy use.
Personal Experience: I’ve used a variety of wheelbarrows and carts over the years. I’ve found that a wheelbarrow with pneumatic tires is easier to maneuver over rough terrain.

6. Shovels and Rakes

Shovels and rakes are used for spreading wood chippings evenly around plants and pathways.

Step 1: Soil Preparation: We started by removing all the weeds and debris from the garden. Then, we tilled the soil to loosen it up and improve drainage.

Step 2: Planting: We planted a variety of new plants, including flowers, shrubs, and vegetables.

Step 3: Mulching: We applied a 4-inch layer of wood chippings around the plants, being careful to keep the chippings away from the base of the stems. We used a mix of cedar and hardwood chippings for their aesthetic appeal and pest-repelling properties.

Step 4: Watering and Maintenance: We watered the plants regularly and monitored the moisture levels in the soil. We also refreshed the wood chippings as needed.

Results: The results were dramatic. The wood chippings suppressed weed growth, conserved moisture, and enriched the soil. The plants thrived, and the garden was transformed into a beautiful and productive space. The client was thrilled with the results and has continued to use wood chippings in their garden ever since.

Cost Considerations

The cost of decorative wood chippings can vary depending on the type of wood, the quantity purchased, and the location.

DIY Chipping: If you have access to trees and the necessary equipment, processing your own wood chippings can be the most cost-effective option. However, it requires time, effort, and investment in equipment.
Purchasing in Bulk: Buying wood chippings in bulk from a local supplier is typically cheaper than buying them in bags from a garden center.
Delivery Fees: Factor in delivery fees if you are unable to transport the wood chippings yourself.

I always recommend getting quotes from multiple suppliers to compare prices and find the best deal.

Safety Standards and Best Practices

Safety should always be a top priority when working with wood chippings and related equipment. Here are some general safety guidelines:

Wear appropriate safety gear: This includes gloves, eye protection, hearing protection, and sturdy footwear.
Follow manufacturer’s instructions: Always read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for operating any power equipment.
Keep children and pets away: Keep children and pets away from the work area.
Be aware of your surroundings: Pay attention to your surroundings and avoid working in hazardous conditions.
Store wood chippings properly: Store wood chippings in a dry, well-ventilated area to prevent fungal growth and spontaneous combustion.

Strategic Advantages of Using Wood Chippings

Beyond the practical benefits, using wood chippings offers several strategic advantages:

Sustainability: Using wood chippings is a sustainable way to recycle tree waste and reduce your environmental impact.
Cost Savings: Wood chippings can save you money on water, fertilizer, and herbicides.
Improved Plant Health: Wood chippings can improve the health and productivity of your plants.
Aesthetic Appeal: Wood chippings can enhance the beauty and value of your property.

Practical Next Steps

Ready to start using decorative wood chippings in your own landscape? Here are some practical next steps:

Assess Your Needs: Determine the specific needs of your plants and landscape.
Choose the Right Type of Chippings: Select the type of wood chippings that is best suited for your needs.
Source Your Chippings: Find a reputable supplier or consider processing your own.
Prepare the Area: Clear the area of weeds and debris.
Apply the Chippings: Spread the wood chippings evenly around plants and pathways.
Maintain Your Chippings: Refresh the chippings as needed and monitor for pests and moisture levels.

By following these steps, you can transform your landscape into a beautiful and sustainable oasis. Remember, wood chippings are not just a decorative element; they are a valuable tool for improving soil health, conserving water, and creating a thriving ecosystem.

Implementation Guidance for Readers

To help you get started, I’ve created a simple checklist:

Before You Start:

[ ] Identify the areas where you want to use wood chippings.
[ ] Measure the area to determine how much wood chippings you’ll need.
[ ] Research the different types of wood chippings and choose the best option for your needs.
[ ] Gather the necessary tools and equipment.
[ ] Wear appropriate safety gear.

Application Process:

[ ] Clear the area of weeds, rocks, and other debris.
[ ] Level the soil surface.
[ ] Apply a layer of landscape fabric (optional, but recommended for weed control).
[ ] Spread the wood chippings evenly over the area, maintaining a depth of 2-4 inches.
[ ] Water the wood chippings lightly to help them settle.

Maintenance:

[ ] Monitor the wood chippings for signs of decomposition and replenish as needed.
[ ] Check for pests and take appropriate action if necessary.
[ ] Remove any weeds that manage to grow through the wood chippings.
[ ] Enjoy your beautiful and sustainable landscape!

By following this guide and taking the necessary precautions, you can successfully use decorative wood chippings to enhance the beauty and functionality of your landscape.