Concrete Block Firewood Holder Setup (Efficient Arborist Stacking Tips)

As the crisp air of autumn settles in, my thoughts, like many others, turn to the comforting warmth of a crackling fire. There’s something deeply satisfying about preparing for the colder months, and for me, that always involves stacking firewood. Over the years, I’ve experimented with various methods, but one stands out for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and surprising efficiency: the concrete block firewood holder. This guide will walk you through setting up your own, incorporating my personal experiences and arborist-approved stacking techniques to ensure your firewood stays dry, organized, and ready to fuel your winter nights.

Concrete Block Firewood Holder: Your Efficient Guide

The heart of a good firewood setup is a stable, well-drained base. Using concrete blocks elevates the wood, preventing ground moisture from seeping in and causing rot. This not only preserves the quality of your firewood but also makes it easier to access when you need it.

Why Choose Concrete Blocks?

Concrete blocks offer several advantages over other firewood storage solutions:

• Cost-Effective: Compared to metal racks or custom-built structures, concrete blocks are relatively inexpensive.
• Durable: They can withstand the elements for years, providing a long-lasting base.
• Modular: You can easily adjust the size and shape of your firewood holder to fit your specific needs and space.
• Easy to Assemble: No special tools or skills are required.
• Excellent Drainage: The blocks naturally allow for airflow underneath the woodpile.

Planning Your Firewood Holder: Size and Location

Before you start, consider the following:

• Firewood Volume: How much firewood do you typically need for the winter? A good rule of thumb is to estimate about one cord of wood for every 1,000 square feet of heated space, depending on your climate and insulation. A standard cord of wood measures 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long (128 cubic feet).
• Available Space: Measure the area where you plan to build your firewood holder. Ensure you have enough space to comfortably stack and access the wood.
• Sunlight and Drainage: Choose a location that receives ample sunlight and has good drainage. Sunlight helps to dry the wood, while good drainage prevents water from pooling around the base. I’ve found that a south-facing location is ideal, as it maximizes sun exposure throughout the day.
• Proximity to House: Consider how far you’ll have to carry the wood to your house. A location closer to your door will save you time and effort, especially during snowy or icy conditions.
• Local Regulations: Check with your local municipality for any regulations regarding firewood storage. Some areas may have restrictions on the height or location of woodpiles.

Materials and Tools

Here’s what you’ll need to build your concrete block firewood holder:

• Concrete Blocks: The number of blocks depends on the size of your holder. I typically use standard 8x8x16 inch concrete blocks. For a single-row holder, you’ll need at least four blocks per 8-foot section. For a double-row holder, double the number.
• Gravel or Crushed Stone (Optional): A layer of gravel underneath the blocks will improve drainage and prevent the blocks from sinking into the ground.
• Level: To ensure the blocks are level and the firewood stack is stable.
• Measuring Tape: To measure the area and space out the blocks.
• Gloves: To protect your hands when handling the concrete blocks.
• Shovel (Optional): To level the ground and spread the gravel.

Step-by-Step Construction

1. Prepare the Ground: Clear the area of any debris, grass, or vegetation. Level the ground as much as possible. This is crucial for a stable base.
2. Lay Gravel (Optional): Spread a 2-4 inch layer of gravel over the area. This will improve drainage and prevent the blocks from sinking into the ground. Compact the gravel with a shovel or tamper.
3. Position the Blocks: Place the concrete blocks on the ground, spacing them evenly. For a single-row holder, I typically space them about 4 feet apart. For a double-row holder, maintain the same spacing but place two blocks side-by-side.
4. Level the Blocks: Use a level to ensure the blocks are level both horizontally and vertically. If necessary, add or remove gravel underneath the blocks to achieve a level surface.
5. Create Multiple Rows (Optional): If you’re building a larger firewood holder, create multiple rows of blocks, leaving enough space between the rows to comfortably stack the wood. I usually leave about 3-4 feet between rows.

Stacking Techniques: Arborist-Approved Methods

Once your concrete block base is ready, it’s time to stack the firewood. Proper stacking is essential for maximizing airflow, promoting drying, and preventing the woodpile from collapsing.

The Importance of Airflow

Airflow is crucial for drying firewood. Dry wood burns more efficiently and produces less smoke and creosote. When stacking, leave small gaps between the pieces of wood to allow air to circulate freely.

• The Traditional Row Stack: This is the most common method, where you stack the wood in neat rows, with each piece resting on the row below. To improve stability, alternate the direction of the wood in each row. For example, in one row, place the wood perpendicular to the blocks, and in the next row, place it parallel.
• The “Holz Hausen” (Wood House): This method, originating from Germany and Austria, creates a circular stack with a slightly inward slope. The center is left hollow to promote airflow. It’s a visually appealing and highly efficient way to dry firewood.
• The Criss-Cross Stack: This method involves stacking the wood in alternating layers, with each layer perpendicular to the one below. This creates a very stable stack and allows for excellent airflow. This is my go-to method when dealing with particularly uneven pieces of wood.
• The Pyramid Stack: This method involves creating a pyramid shape, with the base being wider than the top. This is a good option for smaller woodpiles.

Specific Stacking Tips

• Start with a Solid Base: Ensure the first layer of wood is stable and level. This will prevent the entire stack from collapsing.
• Stack Tightly, But Not Too Tightly: Leave small gaps between the pieces of wood to allow for airflow, but don’t leave so much space that the stack becomes unstable.
• Alternate Wood Direction: Alternating the direction of the wood in each row will improve stability and prevent the stack from leaning.
• Use Different Sizes: Mix different sizes of wood throughout the stack. This will help to fill in gaps and create a more compact pile.
• Lean Inward: Slightly lean each row of wood inward. This will help to prevent the stack from collapsing outward.
• Cap the Stack: Cover the top of the stack with a tarp or some pieces of bark to protect it from rain and snow. This will help to prevent the wood from reabsorbing moisture. I often use old roofing shingles for this purpose; they’re readily available and do a great job of shedding water.

Stacking Firewood on a Slope

If your yard has a slope, you can still build a concrete block firewood holder. Here’s how:

1. Terrace the Area: Create a level terrace by digging into the slope. This will provide a stable base for the blocks.
2. Use Retaining Walls: Build small retaining walls behind the blocks to prevent the soil from eroding. You can use additional concrete blocks or other materials for this purpose.
3. Adjust Block Height: You may need to adjust the height of the blocks to compensate for the slope. Use more gravel or crushed stone to raise the blocks on the lower side of the slope.

Wood Types and Drying Times

The type of wood you burn and the drying time required will significantly impact the efficiency of your firewood setup.

Common Firewood Types

• Hardwoods: These are generally the best choice for firewood, as they burn longer and produce more heat. Examples include oak, maple, ash, birch, and beech.
• Softwoods: These burn faster and produce less heat than hardwoods. Examples include pine, fir, spruce, and cedar. While softwoods are less desirable for heating, they can be useful for starting fires.

Drying Times

Firewood needs to be properly seasoned (dried) before it can be burned efficiently. Seasoning reduces the moisture content of the wood, making it easier to ignite and burn cleanly.

• General Rule: Most hardwoods require at least 6-12 months of drying time. Softwoods may dry faster, typically within 3-6 months.
• Moisture Content: Ideally, firewood should have a moisture content of 20% or less before burning. I’ve tried to rush the process, only to be disappointed with the results. Now, I always plan ahead and allow ample time for the wood to dry properly. I’ve found that oak, for example, can take up to two years to fully season in my area, while birch typically dries within a year.

  Tools for Firewood Preparation

  Having the right tools can make firewood preparation much easier and safer.

  Essential Tools

  • Chainsaw: For cutting logs into manageable lengths. Choose a chainsaw that is appropriate for the size of the logs you’ll be cutting. I personally use a Stihl MS 271 Farm Boss for most of my firewood cutting needs. It’s a versatile saw that can handle a wide range of tasks.
  • Log Splitter: For splitting logs into smaller pieces. You can use a manual log splitter (e.g., a splitting axe or maul) or a hydraulic log splitter. Hydraulic log splitters are faster and easier to use, especially for large logs.
  • Splitting Axe or Maul: For manually splitting smaller logs. A splitting axe has a thinner blade than a maul and is better for splitting smaller, easier-to-split logs. A maul has a heavier head and is better for splitting larger, tougher logs.
  • Wedges: For splitting particularly difficult logs. Drive wedges into the log with a sledgehammer to help split it apart.
  • Sledgehammer: For driving wedges.
  • Measuring Tape: For measuring logs and firewood.
  • Gloves: To protect your hands.
  • Eye Protection: To protect your eyes from flying debris.
  • Hearing Protection: To protect your ears from the noise of the chainsaw and log splitter.
  • Steel-Toed Boots: To protect your feet.
  • First-Aid Kit: In case of accidents.

  Chainsaw Maintenance

  Regular chainsaw maintenance is essential for safe and efficient operation.

  • Sharpen the Chain: A sharp chain will cut more efficiently and reduce the risk of kickback. Sharpen the chain regularly with a chainsaw file or a chain grinder.
  • Clean the Air Filter: A dirty air filter will restrict airflow and reduce engine performance. Clean the air filter regularly with compressed air or soap and water.
  • Check the Spark Plug: A faulty spark plug can cause the engine to run poorly or not start at all. Check the spark plug regularly and replace it if necessary.
  • Lubricate the Chain: Use chainsaw bar and chain oil to lubricate the chain. This will reduce friction and wear and tear.
  • Check the Chain Tension: The chain should be tight enough to prevent it from derailing, but not so tight that it binds. Adjust the chain tension regularly.
  • Store the Chainsaw Properly: When not in use, store the chainsaw in a dry place. Drain the fuel tank or add fuel stabilizer to prevent the fuel from going stale.

  Log Splitter Safety

  Hydraulic log splitters are powerful machines that can be dangerous if not used properly.

  • Read the Manual: Before using a log splitter, read the owner’s manual carefully and understand all of the safety precautions.
  • Wear Safety Gear: Always wear safety glasses, gloves, and steel-toed boots when operating a log splitter.
  • Keep Hands Clear: Keep your hands clear of the splitting wedge and the log being split.
  • Use Both Hands: Use both hands to operate the control lever.
  • Split Logs on a Stable Surface: Place the log splitter on a level, stable surface.
  • Don’t Overload the Splitter: Don’t try to split logs that are too large or too tough for the splitter.
  • Maintain the Splitter Properly: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for maintaining the log splitter.

  Firewood Safety Tips

  Firewood can pose several safety hazards if not handled properly.

  Preventing Woodpile Collapses

  Woodpile collapses can cause serious injuries.

  • Stack Properly: Use proper stacking techniques to create a stable woodpile.
  • Don’t Stack Too High: Avoid stacking the woodpile too high. A good rule of thumb is to keep the height of the woodpile less than twice its width.
  • Be Aware of Surroundings: Be aware of your surroundings when working around the woodpile. Watch out for uneven ground, slippery surfaces, and overhead hazards.

  Preventing Insect Infestations

  Firewood can attract insects, such as termites, carpenter ants, and bark beetles.

  • Store Firewood Away from Your House: Store firewood at least 20 feet away from your house to prevent insects from entering your home.
  • Remove Bark: Removing the bark from the firewood can help to reduce insect infestations.
  • Burn Firewood Promptly: Burn firewood as soon as possible to prevent insects from establishing themselves.
  • Inspect Firewood: Inspect firewood for signs of insect infestation before bringing it into your home.

  Preventing Mold and Rot

  Moisture can promote mold and rot in firewood.

  • Store Firewood in a Dry Place: Store firewood in a dry, well-ventilated place.
  • Elevate Firewood: Elevate firewood off the ground to prevent moisture from wicking up from the soil.
  • Cover Firewood: Cover firewood with a tarp or some pieces of bark to protect it from rain and snow.
  • Allow Airflow: Allow for good airflow around the firewood to promote drying and prevent mold growth.

  Carbon Monoxide Safety

  Burning firewood indoors can produce carbon monoxide, a deadly gas.

  • Install Carbon Monoxide Detectors: Install carbon monoxide detectors in your home, especially near sleeping areas.
  • Ensure Proper Ventilation: Ensure that your fireplace or wood stove is properly ventilated.
  • Never Burn Firewood in an Unvented Space: Never burn firewood in an unvented space, such as a garage or basement.
  • Have Your Chimney Inspected Regularly: Have your chimney inspected and cleaned regularly to prevent creosote buildup.

  Troubleshooting Common Issues

  Even with careful planning and execution, you may encounter some issues when setting up your concrete block firewood holder.

  Blocks Sinking into the Ground

  If the concrete blocks are sinking into the ground, it means the soil is too soft or the blocks are not properly supported.

  • Add Gravel: Add a thicker layer of gravel under the blocks to provide better support.
  • Use Larger Blocks: Use larger concrete blocks to distribute the weight over a larger area.
  • Compact the Soil: Compact the soil under the blocks with a tamper or compactor.

  Woodpile Collapsing

  If the woodpile is collapsing, it means it is not stable enough.

  • Restack the Wood: Restack the wood using proper stacking techniques.
  • Use Smaller Pieces: Use smaller pieces of wood in the lower layers of the stack to create a more stable base.
  • Lean the Wood Inward: Lean each row of wood inward to prevent the stack from collapsing outward.
  • Add Support: Add additional support to the woodpile by using stakes or posts.

  Firewood Not Drying Properly

  If the firewood is not drying properly, it means it is not getting enough airflow or sunlight.

  • Improve Airflow: Increase airflow around the firewood by leaving more space between the pieces of wood.
  • Move to a Sunnier Location: Move the firewood holder to a sunnier location.
  • Remove Weeds and Vegetation: Remove any weeds or vegetation that are blocking airflow or sunlight.

  Insect Infestation

  If you notice signs of insect infestation, take action immediately.

  • Remove Infested Wood: Remove any infested wood from the woodpile.
  • Spray with Insecticide: Spray the woodpile with an insecticide that is specifically designed for controlling wood-boring insects.
  • Contact a Pest Control Professional: If the infestation is severe, contact a pest control professional for assistance.

  Advanced Techniques

  For those looking to take their firewood preparation to the next level, here are some advanced techniques:

  Kiln Drying

  Kiln drying is a process that uses heat to quickly dry firewood. This method can reduce the drying time from months to days. However, it requires specialized equipment and is typically only used by commercial firewood producers.

  Wood Gasification

  Wood gasification is a process that converts wood into a combustible gas. This gas can then be used to power engines, generators, or heating systems. Wood gasification is a more efficient way to use firewood than traditional burning.

  Biochar Production

  Biochar is a charcoal-like substance that is produced by heating wood in the absence of oxygen. Biochar can be used as a soil amendment to improve soil fertility and water retention. It can also be used as a fuel source.

  Conclusion

  Building a concrete block firewood holder is a simple and effective way to organize and dry your firewood. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can create a durable, cost-effective, and efficient firewood storage solution that will keep your wood dry and ready to burn all winter long. Remember to prioritize safety, use proper stacking techniques, and allow ample time for the wood to dry. With a little planning and effort, you can enjoy the warmth and comfort of a crackling fire all season long.

  As a final thought, remember that responsible firewood preparation is not just about having fuel for your fire; it’s about sustainable forestry practices, respecting the environment, and ensuring that future generations can enjoy the warmth and beauty of wood. So, get out there, stack that wood, and enjoy the fruits (or should I say, the warmth) of your labor!

Learn more