Chain Saw Sharpeners Compared (Pro Tips for Efficient Woodworking)

“I’m tired of my chainsaw cutting like butter through cold peanut butter. I need to sharpen it, but there are so many options! Which chainsaw sharpener is best, and how do I even use one properly?”

That’s a sentiment I hear often, and it’s completely understandable. A dull chainsaw is not only frustrating, it’s dangerous. It wastes time and energy, and it puts unnecessary strain on your saw. Choosing the right chainsaw sharpener and understanding how to use it effectively is crucial for efficient woodworking, logging, and even simple firewood preparation. I’ve spent years in the woods, from felling trees to milling lumber and prepping firewood for the long winter months. I’ve seen firsthand how a well-maintained chain can make all the difference. Let’s dive into the world of chainsaw sharpeners and equip you with the knowledge to keep your chain cutting like new.

Chainsaw Sharpeners Compared: Pro Tips for Efficient Woodworking

In this guide, I’ll walk you through the various types of chainsaw sharpeners available, their pros and cons, and provide step-by-step instructions on how to use each one effectively. We’ll also cover essential safety precautions and maintenance tips to ensure your chainsaw and sharpener last for years to come.

Understanding the Importance of a Sharp Chainsaw

Before we delve into the specifics of sharpeners, let’s emphasize why a sharp chainsaw is so vital.

• Safety: A sharp chain bites into the wood cleanly and predictably. A dull chain is more likely to kick back, a dangerous situation that can lead to serious injury.
• Efficiency: A sharp chain cuts faster and requires less force, saving you time and energy. It also reduces strain on your chainsaw’s engine, prolonging its lifespan.
• Quality of Cut: A sharp chain produces clean, smooth cuts, essential for woodworking projects. A dull chain tears and splinters the wood, resulting in a rough and uneven finish.
• Fuel Efficiency: A sharper chain will require less power from your saw’s engine to make a cut. This means you use less fuel and save money over time.

Key Chainsaw Terminology: A Quick Refresher

To understand sharpening, you need to know some basic chainsaw terminology:

• Chain: The loop of interconnected cutting teeth that runs around the guide bar.
• Tooth (Cutter): The individual cutting element on the chain. Each tooth has a top plate, side plate, and a depth gauge.
• Top Plate: The upper surface of the cutter that does the primary cutting.
• Side Plate: The side surface of the cutter.
• Depth Gauge (Raker): The small projection in front of each cutter that controls the depth of the cut.
• Guide Bar: The metal bar that supports and guides the chain.
• Pitch: The distance between three consecutive rivets on the chain, divided by two. This is usually expressed in inches (e.g., 3/8″, .325″).
• Gauge: The thickness of the drive links that fit into the guide bar groove. This is also usually expressed in inches (e.g., .050″, .058″).

Knowing the pitch and gauge of your chain is crucial when selecting the correct sharpening tools. This information is usually stamped on the guide bar or in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual.

1. Handheld File (Round File and Flat File): This is the most traditional and portable method. It involves using a round file to sharpen the cutting edges of the teeth and a flat file to adjust the depth gauges.
2. File Guide: This tool helps maintain the correct filing angle and depth while using a handheld file. It’s a great option for beginners.
3. Electric Chainsaw Sharpener (Bench Grinder): This is a stationary machine with a grinding wheel that sharpens the teeth quickly and accurately.
4. Chainsaw Sharpener Attachment for a Rotary Tool: This attachment turns a rotary tool (like a Dremel) into a chainsaw sharpener.
5. Automatic Chainsaw Sharpener (On-Saw Sharpener): These are specialized sharpeners that attach directly to the chainsaw and sharpen the chain while it’s still on the saw.

Let’s examine each type in more detail.

1. Handheld File (Round File and Flat File)

This is the method I learned on, and it’s still my go-to for quick touch-ups in the field. It requires practice and skill, but it offers excellent control and portability.

• Pros:
  • Portability: You can take it anywhere.
  • Low Cost: Files are relatively inexpensive.
  • Control: You have precise control over the sharpening process.
• Cons:
  • Skill Required: It takes practice to master the correct angles and techniques.
  • Time-Consuming: It can take longer to sharpen a chain compared to other methods.
  • Inconsistency: It’s easy to make mistakes and create inconsistent sharpening angles.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using a Handheld File:

1. Secure the Chainsaw: Clamp the chainsaw’s guide bar in a vise or use a stump vise to hold it securely.
2. Choose the Correct File: Select a round file that matches the pitch of your chain. The file size is usually indicated on the file itself or in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual. For example, a 3/8″ pitch chain typically requires a 5/32″ (4.0 mm) or 13/64″ (5.2 mm) file.
3. Identify the Correct Filing Angle: The correct filing angle is usually stamped on the chainsaw’s tooth or in the owner’s manual. Typically, this is around 25-35 degrees for the top plate and 60 degrees for the side plate.
4. Position the File: Hold the file at the correct angle and depth, ensuring that the file is contacting the top plate and side plate of the cutter.
5. Sharpen the Tooth: Using smooth, consistent strokes, file the tooth from the inside out. Apply light pressure on the forward stroke and release pressure on the return stroke. Typically, 3-5 strokes are sufficient to sharpen a tooth.
6. Maintain Consistency: Count the number of strokes you use on each tooth and try to maintain that number for all the other teeth. This will help ensure consistent sharpening.
7. Sharpen All the Teeth: Repeat steps 4-6 for all the teeth on the chain. Remember to alternate sides as you go.
8. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening the teeth, use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to check and adjust the depth gauges (rakers). The depth gauge should be slightly lower than the top of the cutter. The correct depth gauge setting is usually specified in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual. For example, a typical setting might be 0.025″ (0.64 mm).
9. Test the Chain: After sharpening, test the chain by making a few cuts in a piece of wood. The chain should cut smoothly and aggressively. If it doesn’t, you may need to sharpen it again or adjust the depth gauges.

Personal Experience: I remember one time, deep in the woods, my electric sharpener died. All I had was a round file. It took me almost an hour, but I managed to get the chain sharp enough to finish the job. It taught me the importance of knowing how to use a handheld file, even if you have other sharpening tools available.

2. File Guide

A file guide simplifies the process of using a handheld file by providing a framework to maintain the correct angles and depth.

• Pros:
  • Improved Accuracy: Helps maintain consistent sharpening angles.
  • Easier to Use: Simplifies the sharpening process, especially for beginners.
  • Portability: Relatively portable, although not as much as a standalone file.
• Cons:
  • Additional Cost: Requires purchasing a file guide.
  • Can Be Bulky: Some file guides can be bulky and difficult to use in tight spaces.
  • Still Requires Practice: It still takes practice to use a file guide effectively.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using a File Guide:

1. Secure the Chainsaw: Clamp the chainsaw’s guide bar in a vise or use a stump vise.
2. Choose the Correct File and File Guide: Select a round file and file guide that match the pitch of your chain.
3. Set the Sharpening Angle: Adjust the file guide to the correct sharpening angle, as specified in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual.
4. Position the File Guide: Place the file guide on the chain, aligning it with the tooth you want to sharpen.
5. Sharpen the Tooth: Insert the file into the file guide and, using smooth, consistent strokes, file the tooth from the inside out. The file guide will help maintain the correct angle and depth.
6. Maintain Consistency: Count the number of strokes you use on each tooth and try to maintain that number for all the other teeth.
7. Sharpen All the Teeth: Repeat steps 4-6 for all the teeth on the chain, alternating sides as you go.
8. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening the teeth, use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to check and adjust the depth gauges.
9. Test the Chain: After sharpening, test the chain by making a few cuts in a piece of wood.

Case Study: A local arborist I know, Sarah, swears by her file guide. She says it’s saved her countless hours of frustration and ensures that her chains are always sharp and ready to go. She particularly appreciates the consistency it provides, especially when she’s working on large, complex tree removal projects.

3. Electric Chainsaw Sharpener (Bench Grinder)

An electric chainsaw sharpener, also known as a bench grinder, is a stationary machine that uses a grinding wheel to sharpen the teeth quickly and accurately. This is a popular choice for those who sharpen chains frequently.

• Pros:
  • Speed: Sharpen chains quickly.
  • Accuracy: Provides consistent sharpening angles.
  • Ease of Use: Relatively easy to use, especially after some practice.
• Cons:
  • Cost: More expensive than handheld files or file guides.
  • Stationary: Not portable.
  • Can Overheat the Chain: Excessive grinding can overheat the chain, damaging the metal.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using an Electric Chainsaw Sharpener:

1. Mount the Sharpener: Securely mount the electric chainsaw sharpener to a workbench.
2. Adjust the Sharpening Angle: Adjust the sharpening angle on the sharpener to match the specifications in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual.
3. Secure the Chain: Place the chain in the sharpener’s vise and secure it in place.
4. Position the Grinding Wheel: Position the grinding wheel so that it contacts the top plate and side plate of the cutter.
5. Sharpen the Tooth: Turn on the sharpener and gently lower the grinding wheel onto the tooth. Use light pressure and short bursts to avoid overheating the chain.
6. Maintain Consistency: Count the number of seconds you grind each tooth and try to maintain that number for all the other teeth.
7. Sharpen All the Teeth: Repeat steps 4-6 for all the teeth on the chain, alternating sides as you go.
8. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening the teeth, use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to check and adjust the depth gauges.
9. Test the Chain: After sharpening, test the chain by making a few cuts in a piece of wood.

Technical Details: Most electric chainsaw sharpeners use a grinding wheel with a diameter of 4-6 inches (100-150 mm) and operate at speeds of 3,000-6,000 RPM. It’s crucial to use the correct grinding wheel for your chain type and to avoid excessive pressure or grinding time.

Caution: Always wear safety glasses when using an electric chainsaw sharpener to protect your eyes from flying debris.

4. Chainsaw Sharpener Attachment for a Rotary Tool

This type of sharpener uses a rotary tool, such as a Dremel, with a specialized attachment to sharpen the chain.

• Pros:
  • Versatility: Can be used with a variety of rotary tools.
  • Compact: Relatively small and easy to store.
  • Affordable: Less expensive than an electric chainsaw sharpener.
• Cons:
  • Time-Consuming: Can take longer to sharpen a chain compared to an electric sharpener.
  • Accuracy: Accuracy can be inconsistent, especially if you’re not careful.
  • Can Overheat the Chain: Similar to electric sharpeners, excessive grinding can overheat the chain.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using a Chainsaw Sharpener Attachment:

1. Attach the Sharpener: Attach the chainsaw sharpener attachment to your rotary tool.
2. Choose the Correct Grinding Stone: Select a grinding stone that matches the pitch of your chain.
3. Adjust the Sharpening Angle: Adjust the sharpening angle on the attachment to match the specifications in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual.
4. Secure the Chainsaw: Clamp the chainsaw’s guide bar in a vise or use a stump vise.
5. Position the Grinding Stone: Position the grinding stone so that it contacts the top plate and side plate of the cutter.
6. Sharpen the Tooth: Turn on the rotary tool and gently lower the grinding stone onto the tooth. Use light pressure and short bursts to avoid overheating the chain.
7. Maintain Consistency: Count the number of seconds you grind each tooth and try to maintain that number for all the other teeth.
8. Sharpen All the Teeth: Repeat steps 5-7 for all the teeth on the chain, alternating sides as you go.
9. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening the teeth, use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to check and adjust the depth gauges.
10. Test the Chain: After sharpening, test the chain by making a few cuts in a piece of wood.

Insight: I’ve found that using a variable-speed rotary tool is helpful with this type of sharpener. Starting at a lower speed and gradually increasing it allows for more control and reduces the risk of overheating the chain.

5. Automatic Chainsaw Sharpener (On-Saw Sharpener)

Automatic chainsaw sharpeners are specialized tools that attach directly to the chainsaw and sharpen the chain while it’s still on the saw. These are typically used by professionals who need to sharpen their chains quickly and frequently in the field.

• Pros:
  • Convenience: Sharpen the chain without removing it from the saw.
  • Speed: Sharpen chains quickly.
  • Accuracy: Provides consistent sharpening angles.
• Cons:
  • Cost: Expensive.
  • Bulky: Can be bulky and add weight to the chainsaw.
  • Limited Compatibility: May not be compatible with all chainsaw models.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using an Automatic Chainsaw Sharpener:

1. Attach the Sharpener: Attach the automatic chainsaw sharpener to the chainsaw, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
2. Adjust the Sharpening Angle: Adjust the sharpening angle on the sharpener to match the specifications in the chainsaw’s owner’s manual.
3. Engage the Sharpener: Engage the sharpener and allow it to sharpen each tooth automatically.
4. Sharpen All the Teeth: The sharpener will automatically sharpen all the teeth on the chain.
5. Check and Adjust Depth Gauges: After sharpening the teeth, use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to check and adjust the depth gauges.
6. Test the Chain: After sharpening, test the chain by making a few cuts in a piece of wood.

Real-World Application: I once worked on a large-scale logging project where the crew used chainsaws constantly throughout the day. They used automatic chainsaw sharpeners to keep their chains sharp, which significantly improved their productivity and reduced downtime.

Sharpening Depth Gauges (Rakers)

Sharpening the cutting teeth is only half the battle. You also need to maintain the correct depth gauge (raker) height. If the depth gauges are too high, the chain won’t bite into the wood effectively. If they’re too low, the chain will be too aggressive and prone to kickback.

Step-by-Step Guide to Sharpening Depth Gauges:

1. Use a Depth Gauge Tool: Place a depth gauge tool on the chain, aligning it with the depth gauge you want to check.
2. Check the Height: The depth gauge tool will indicate whether the depth gauge is too high, too low, or at the correct height.
3. File the Depth Gauge: If the depth gauge is too high, use a flat file to file it down until it’s flush with the top of the depth gauge tool.
4. Round the Front Edge: After filing the depth gauge, use the flat file to round the front edge slightly. This will help prevent the chain from grabbing and reduce the risk of kickback.
5. Repeat for All Depth Gauges: Repeat steps 1-4 for all the depth gauges on the chain.

Data Point: Studies have shown that properly adjusted depth gauges can increase cutting efficiency by as much as 20%.

Maintaining Your Chainsaw and Sharpener

Proper maintenance is essential for prolonging the life of your chainsaw and sharpener. Here are some tips:

• Clean Your Chainsaw Regularly: Remove sawdust and debris from the chain, guide bar, and engine after each use.
• Lubricate the Chain: Use chainsaw bar and chain oil to keep the chain lubricated. This will reduce friction and wear.
• Check the Chain Tension: Ensure that the chain is properly tensioned. A loose chain can jump off the guide bar, while a tight chain can overheat and break.
• Inspect the Guide Bar: Check the guide bar for wear and damage. Replace the guide bar if it’s worn or damaged.
• Clean Your Sharpener: Clean your sharpener regularly to remove grinding debris.
• Replace Worn Parts: Replace worn grinding wheels or files as needed.
• Store Your Chainsaw and Sharpener Properly: Store your chainsaw and sharpener in a dry, protected place.

Safety Precautions

Chainsaw sharpening can be dangerous if you’re not careful. Here are some essential safety precautions:

• Wear Safety Glasses: Always wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from flying debris.
• Wear Gloves: Wear gloves to protect your hands from sharp teeth and hot surfaces.
• Work in a Well-Lit Area: Ensure that you have adequate lighting to see what you’re doing.
• Keep Your Work Area Clean: Keep your work area clean and free of clutter.
• Disconnect the Spark Plug: Before sharpening the chain, disconnect the spark plug to prevent accidental starting.
• Read the Owner’s Manual: Read and understand the owner’s manual for your chainsaw and sharpener before using them.
• Take Your Time: Don’t rush the sharpening process. Take your time and focus on accuracy.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Here are some common mistakes to avoid when sharpening a chainsaw:

• Using the Wrong File Size: Using the wrong file size can damage the chain.
• Sharpening at the Wrong Angle: Sharpening at the wrong angle can reduce cutting efficiency and increase the risk of kickback.
• Overheating the Chain: Excessive grinding can overheat the chain, damaging the metal.
• Neglecting Depth Gauges: Neglecting the depth gauges can significantly reduce cutting efficiency.
• Sharpening a Damaged Chain: Don’t try to sharpen a chain that is severely damaged. Replace it instead.

Strategic Insights for Efficient Woodworking

Beyond the technical aspects of sharpening, there are strategic considerations that can significantly impact your overall woodworking efficiency.

• Chain Selection: Choosing the right type of chain for the job is crucial. For example, a chisel chain is ideal for clean cuts in softwood, while a semi-chisel chain is more durable for hardwoods and dirty wood.
• Chain Rotation: If you’re a heavy user, consider having multiple chains and rotating them regularly. This allows each chain to cool down and reduces wear and tear.
• Sharpening Frequency: Sharpen your chain frequently, rather than waiting until it’s completely dull. A few quick strokes with a file after each tank of gas can keep your chain cutting efficiently.
• Wood Type Considerations: Different wood types require different sharpening techniques. For example, when cutting resinous woods like pine, you may need to clean your chain more frequently to prevent pitch buildup.

The Economics of Chainsaw Sharpening

Let’s consider the financial implications of proper chainsaw sharpening.

1. Assess Your Needs: Determine how frequently you use your chainsaw and what type of sharpening tool is best suited for your needs and budget.
2. Gather Your Tools: Purchase the necessary sharpening tools, including a file, file guide, electric sharpener, or rotary tool attachment.
3. Practice Sharpening: Practice sharpening your chain using the chosen method. Start with a practice chain if you’re unsure of your skills.
4. Maintain Your Chainsaw and Sharpener: Regularly clean and maintain your chainsaw and sharpener to ensure they last for years to come.
5. Stay Safe: Always follow safety precautions when sharpening your chainsaw.

Conclusion

Choosing the right chainsaw sharpener and mastering the art of chainsaw sharpening is an investment in your safety, efficiency, and the longevity of your equipment. Whether you opt for the traditional handheld file, the convenience of an electric sharpener, or the portability of a rotary tool attachment, the key is to understand the principles of sharpening and to practice consistently. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to keeping your chainsaw cutting like new and tackling your woodworking, logging, or firewood preparation projects with confidence and ease. Remember, a sharp chainsaw is a safe chainsaw, and a safe chainsaw is a productive chainsaw. Now, get out there and make some sawdust!

Learn more