ATV Trailer Ideas For Firewood (5 Essential Build Tips)

Ever wished you could haul more firewood with your ATV, saving time and back-breaking labor? I know I have, countless times! Building your own ATV trailer for firewood is a fantastic solution, but it’s crucial to get it right. Over the years, I’ve built and modified several trailers, learning valuable lessons along the way – some through sheer trial and error. This guide shares my hard-earned knowledge, providing essential build tips to ensure your firewood-hauling ATV trailer is safe, efficient, and built to last. We’ll delve into everything from design considerations and material choices to safety protocols and legal compliance. Let’s get started!

ATV Trailer Ideas for Firewood: 5 Essential Build Tips

1. Design and Planning: Laying the Foundation for Success

Before you even pick up a wrench, a solid design is paramount. A poorly designed trailer can be unstable, difficult to maneuver, and potentially dangerous. I remember one of my early attempts, a hastily constructed trailer that looked like it was held together with more hope than steel. It wobbled precariously on uneven terrain and nearly tipped over with a decent load of oak. That experience taught me the importance of thorough planning!

1.1 Determining Capacity and Size

The first step is determining the trailer’s intended capacity. How much firewood do you realistically need to haul per trip? This will dictate the trailer’s dimensions and the strength of its components.

Calculating Cord Volume: A standard cord of firewood measures 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long, totaling 128 cubic feet. However, you’ll rarely haul a full cord on an ATV trailer. Instead, think in terms of fractions of a cord. A common size for an ATV trailer is 4 feet long, 4 feet wide, and 2 feet high, which holds approximately 1/4 cord (32 cubic feet).
Weight Considerations: Green hardwoods like oak can weigh upwards of 5,000 lbs per cord, while seasoned softwoods like pine might weigh around 2,000 lbs per cord. A 1/4 cord of green oak could weigh over 1,250 lbs! Factor in the weight of the trailer itself (easily 200-300 lbs for a sturdy build) and ensure your ATV’s towing capacity isn’t exceeded. Consult your ATV’s owner manual for its maximum towing weight. Exceeding this limit can damage your ATV’s transmission and suspension, and compromise safety.
Trailer Dimensions: I recommend starting with a trailer bed size of around 4ft x 4ft. This size is manageable for most ATVs and allows for a decent load of firewood. You can adjust the height of the side rails based on your desired capacity. For example, 18-inch high side rails can hold a substantial amount of split wood.

1.2 Choosing the Right Trailer Style

Several trailer styles are suitable for hauling firewood, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Single-Axle Trailers: These are the simplest and most common type. They are relatively inexpensive to build and easy to maneuver. However, they can be less stable than tandem-axle trailers, especially with heavy loads.
Tandem-Axle Trailers: These trailers have two axles, providing increased stability and load capacity. They are ideal for hauling heavier loads of firewood, especially over rough terrain. However, they are more expensive to build and can be more difficult to maneuver in tight spaces. I once built a tandem-axle trailer for hauling large rounds of oak from a particularly challenging logging site. The increased stability was a lifesaver on the steep, uneven slopes.
Tilt-Bed Trailers: These trailers have a bed that tilts, making it easier to load and unload firewood. This can be a great option if you frequently need to load firewood by hand. The tilt mechanism adds complexity and cost to the build.
Dump Trailers: Dump trailers allow you to unload firewood by raising the trailer bed and dumping the contents. These are the most convenient option, but also the most complex and expensive to build. They typically require a hydraulic system to lift the bed.

1.3 Frame Design and Construction

The frame is the backbone of your trailer, so it needs to be strong and durable.

Material Selection: Steel is the most common material for trailer frames due to its strength and weldability. I recommend using at least 2″ x 2″ square steel tubing with a wall thickness of 1/8″ (0.125″). For heavier loads or tandem-axle trailers, consider using 2″ x 3″ or even 3″ x 3″ tubing.
Frame Shape: A rectangular frame with cross members is the most common and effective design. The cross members provide additional support and prevent the frame from twisting. I recommend spacing the cross members every 2 feet for optimal strength.
Welding: Proper welding is crucial for a strong and safe trailer frame. If you’re not an experienced welder, consider hiring a professional. Use a MIG (Metal Inert Gas) or TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welder for the best results. Ensure all welds are clean, strong, and free of defects. Always wear appropriate safety gear, including a welding helmet, gloves, and a respirator. I once had a weld fail on a trailer I built years ago, resulting in a near-disaster. Since then, I’ve always prioritized high-quality welding.
Rust Prevention: After welding, thoroughly clean the frame and apply a rust-resistant primer and paint. Powder coating is an even better option, providing a durable and long-lasting finish.

2. Axle and Suspension: Ensuring a Smooth Ride

The axle and suspension system are critical for a smooth and stable ride, especially when hauling heavy loads of firewood over rough terrain.

2.1 Axle Selection

Choosing the right axle is crucial for ensuring your trailer can handle the weight and stress of hauling firewood.

Axle Capacity: The axle capacity should be greater than the expected maximum weight of the trailer and its load. For example, if you plan to haul a maximum of 1,500 lbs of firewood and the trailer weighs 300 lbs, you’ll need an axle with a capacity of at least 1,800 lbs. It’s always better to err on the side of caution and choose an axle with a higher capacity.
Axle Type: Spindle axles are a common choice for ATV trailers. They are relatively inexpensive and easy to install. However, they can be less durable than other types of axles. I recommend using a heavier-duty axle with a larger spindle diameter for increased strength.
Axle Placement: The axle should be positioned slightly behind the center of the trailer bed. This will help distribute the weight evenly and prevent the trailer from swaying. I typically place the axle about 60% of the way back from the front of the trailer bed.

2.2 Suspension Options

A suspension system can significantly improve the ride quality of your trailer, especially when hauling firewood over rough terrain.

Leaf Springs: Leaf springs are a common and relatively inexpensive suspension option. They provide a good balance of ride quality and load capacity. Choose leaf springs with a capacity that matches the axle capacity.
Torsion Axles: Torsion axles offer a smoother ride than leaf springs. They use rubber cords inside the axle tube to absorb shocks. Torsion axles are more expensive than leaf springs, but they can be worth the investment if you frequently haul firewood over rough terrain.
No Suspension: It is possible to build a trailer without suspension, but this is not recommended, especially for hauling firewood. A trailer without suspension will have a rough ride and be more prone to bouncing and swaying. This can be dangerous, especially at higher speeds.

2.3 Wheel and Tire Selection

The wheels and tires are another important consideration for your ATV trailer.

Wheel Size: Choose wheels that are compatible with your ATV’s bolt pattern and have a load capacity that matches the axle capacity. I recommend using wheels that are at least 12 inches in diameter for better ground clearance.
Tire Type: Choose tires that are appropriate for the terrain you’ll be hauling firewood over. Knobby tires provide better traction on soft or muddy surfaces, while smoother tires are better for paved roads. I recommend using tires with a load rating that is greater than the maximum weight of the trailer and its load.
Tire Pressure: Maintain the correct tire pressure for optimal performance and safety. Consult the tire manufacturer’s recommendations for the appropriate tire pressure.

3. Bed and Sides: Containing the Firewood

The bed and sides of your trailer are responsible for containing the firewood and preventing it from falling off during transport.

3.1 Bed Material

The bed of your trailer should be strong and durable enough to withstand the weight and abrasion of firewood.

Side Height: The ideal side height will depend on the size and type of firewood you’ll be hauling. I recommend a minimum side height of 18 inches. For larger rounds or longer pieces of firewood, you may need to increase the side height.
Side Material: The sides can be made from the same material as the bed, or from a different material. Wood, steel, and aluminum are all common choices. I often use 2×6 lumber for the sides of my trailers, as it’s strong, durable, and relatively inexpensive.
Side Attachment: The sides should be securely attached to the frame of the trailer. Welding is the strongest method of attachment, but bolting is also an option. If bolting the sides, use large diameter bolts and lock washers to prevent them from loosening.

3.3 Tailgate Design

A tailgate can make it easier to load and unload firewood from your trailer.

Tailgate Type: There are several different types of tailgates, including swing-out tailgates, drop-down tailgates, and removable tailgates. The best type of tailgate for your trailer will depend on your individual needs and preferences.
Tailgate Hinges: The tailgate hinges should be strong and durable enough to support the weight of the tailgate and the firewood. I recommend using heavy-duty hinges that are designed for trailer use.
Tailgate Latch: The tailgate latch should securely hold the tailgate closed during transport. Use a latch that is easy to operate, even with gloves on.

4. Hitch and Wiring: Connecting to Your ATV

The hitch and wiring are essential for connecting your trailer to your ATV and ensuring that the trailer’s lights function properly.

4.1 Hitch Selection

The hitch should be compatible with your ATV’s hitch receiver and have a weight capacity that matches the trailer’s maximum weight.

Hitch Type: Ball hitches are the most common type of hitch for ATV trailers. The size of the ball should match the size of the coupler on the trailer. Common ball sizes are 1 7/8″ and 2″.
Hitch Height: The hitch height should be adjusted so that the trailer is level when connected to the ATV. A level trailer will tow more smoothly and be less prone to swaying.
Safety Chains: Safety chains are required by law in many jurisdictions. The safety chains should be long enough to allow the trailer to turn freely, but short enough to prevent the trailer from hitting the ground if the hitch fails. Always cross the safety chains under the trailer tongue.

4.2 Wiring and Lights

Proper wiring and lights are essential for safe towing, especially at night or in low-visibility conditions.

Wiring Harness: Use a wiring harness that is compatible with your ATV’s wiring system. A standard 4-way flat connector is commonly used for ATV trailers. This connector provides connections for the taillights, brake lights, and turn signals.
Light Placement: The taillights should be mounted on the rear of the trailer, as far apart as possible. The brake lights should be mounted above the taillights. The turn signals should be mounted on the corners of the trailer.
Wiring Connections: Make sure all wiring connections are secure and weatherproof. Use heat shrink tubing to protect the connections from moisture and corrosion.

4.3 Legal Considerations

Always check your local laws and regulations regarding trailer towing. Many jurisdictions have specific requirements for trailer lights, safety chains, and maximum trailer weight. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in fines or other penalties.

5. Safety and Best Practices: Protecting Yourself and Others

Safety should always be your top priority when building and using an ATV trailer for firewood.

5.1 Safety Equipment

Always wear appropriate safety equipment when operating an ATV and trailer. This includes a helmet, eye protection, gloves, and sturdy footwear.

Helmet: A helmet is essential for protecting your head in the event of an accident. Choose a helmet that fits properly and meets safety standards.
Eye Protection: Eye protection is important for protecting your eyes from flying debris. Safety glasses or goggles are a good choice.
Gloves: Gloves will protect your hands from cuts and scrapes. Choose gloves that fit well and provide good grip.
Sturdy Footwear: Sturdy footwear will protect your feet from injuries. Work boots or hiking boots are a good choice.

5.2 Loading and Securing Firewood

Properly loading and securing the firewood is essential for preventing it from falling off the trailer during transport.

Weight Distribution: Distribute the weight evenly across the trailer bed. Place heavier pieces of firewood towards the front of the trailer.
Securing the Load: Use straps or rope to secure the firewood to the trailer. Make sure the straps or rope are tight and that the firewood is not able to shift during transport. I often use ratchet straps to secure the load, as they are easy to use and provide a secure hold.
Overloading: Never overload the trailer. Exceeding the trailer’s weight capacity can damage the trailer and make it difficult to control.

5.3 Operating the ATV and Trailer

Follow these safety guidelines when operating the ATV and trailer.

Speed: Drive at a safe speed, especially on rough terrain or when hauling heavy loads. Reduce your speed when turning or braking.
Turning: Make wide turns to avoid tipping the trailer.
Braking: Allow for extra braking distance when towing a trailer.
Terrain: Be aware of the terrain and avoid obstacles that could damage the trailer or cause it to tip over.
Visibility: Make sure you have good visibility when operating the ATV and trailer. Use mirrors to check for traffic behind you.

5.4 Maintenance

Regular maintenance is essential for keeping your ATV trailer in good working condition.

Tire Pressure: Check the tire pressure regularly and inflate to the recommended pressure.
Wheel Bearings: Grease the wheel bearings regularly to prevent them from wearing out.
Lights: Check the lights regularly to make sure they are working properly.
Hitch: Inspect the hitch regularly for wear and tear.
Frame: Inspect the frame regularly for cracks or damage.

5.5 Wood Moisture Content Considerations

Understanding wood moisture content is crucial for firewood preparation.

Optimal Moisture Content: Firewood burns most efficiently when its moisture content is between 15% and 20%.
Seasoning Time: The time it takes for firewood to season depends on the type of wood, the climate, and how it is stored. Generally, hardwoods take longer to season than softwoods. In a dry climate, firewood may season in as little as six months. In a humid climate, it may take a year or more.
Measuring Moisture Content: A wood moisture meter can be used to measure the moisture content of firewood. Insert the probes of the meter into a freshly split piece of wood. The meter will display the moisture content as a percentage.
Storage: Store firewood in a well-ventilated area, off the ground, and covered to protect it from rain and snow. This will help it season more quickly and prevent it from rotting. I typically stack my firewood in rows, with spaces between the rows to allow for air circulation.

5.6 Chainsaw Calibration Standards

Proper chainsaw calibration is essential for safe and efficient firewood cutting.

Chain Tension: The chain should be properly tensioned so that it does not sag or bind. When the chain is properly tensioned, you should be able to pull it away from the bar about 1/8 inch.
Carburetor Adjustment: The carburetor should be adjusted to provide the correct fuel-air mixture. A properly adjusted carburetor will allow the chainsaw to idle smoothly and accelerate quickly.
Chain Sharpness: The chain should be sharpened regularly to maintain its cutting efficiency. A dull chain will require more effort to cut through wood and can be dangerous.
Safety Features: Make sure all of the chainsaw’s safety features are working properly, including the chain brake, throttle lock, and chain catcher.

5.7 Case Study: Building a Tandem-Axle Firewood Trailer

I once undertook a project to build a tandem-axle firewood trailer for a local firewood producer. He needed a trailer that could haul large quantities of wood over rough terrain.

Design: The trailer was designed with a bed size of 6ft x 8ft and a side height of 24 inches. It featured two 2,000 lb axles with leaf spring suspension. The frame was constructed from 2″ x 3″ steel tubing with a wall thickness of 1/8″.
Construction: The frame was welded together using a MIG welder. The axles and suspension were then installed. The bed was made from pressure-treated plywood, and the sides were constructed from 2×6 lumber. The trailer was finished with a coat of rust-resistant primer and paint.
Results: The trailer performed exceptionally well. It was able to haul large loads of firewood over rough terrain with ease. The tandem-axle design provided excellent stability, and the leaf spring suspension ensured a smooth ride. The firewood producer was very pleased with the results.

Building your own ATV trailer for firewood can be a rewarding and cost-effective project. By following these essential build tips, you can create a trailer that is safe, efficient, and built to last. Remember to prioritize safety, follow local regulations, and always maintain your equipment properly. With a little planning and effort, you can build a trailer that will help you haul firewood for years to come. And remember, safety first! A well-built trailer is an investment in your safety and efficiency, making those long days of firewood processing just a little bit easier. Good luck, and happy hauling!

ATV Trailer Ideas for Firewood (5 Essential Build Tips)