391 MS Chainsaw Tips for Wood Processing (7 Pro Techniques)

Let’s dive into unlocking the full potential of your Stihl MS 391 chainsaw for efficient and safe wood processing.

Introduction: Leveling Up Your MS 391 – Beyond the Stock Setup

Before we even think about felling trees or splitting logs, let’s talk about maximizing your MS 391’s performance. Out of the box, it’s a solid workhorse, but with a few strategic upgrades, you can transform it into a real wood-processing beast. Think of it as giving your trusted steed some extra horsepower and better shoes.

I’ve been working with chainsaws, including the MS 391, for over 15 years, and I’ve learned that a well-tuned saw is a safer and more productive saw. My first real experience with a chainsaw was helping my uncle clear some land on his farm. I was green as grass, but I quickly learned the value of having the right equipment and knowing how to use it. One of the biggest lessons I learned was that even a great saw like the MS 391 benefits from upgrades tailored to the specific type of work.

Here are a few upgrades I highly recommend:

• Chains: Don’t underestimate the power of a good chain. The stock chain is decent, but upgrading to a full chisel chain like the Stihl Rapid Super can significantly improve cutting speed, especially in hardwoods. I’ve seen a 20-30% increase in cutting speed just by switching to a better chain. Alternatively, for dirty or recycled wood, consider a carbide-tipped chain. They’re more expensive, but they hold an edge much longer.
• Bar: The standard bar is fine for most tasks, but if you’re consistently working with larger diameter logs, consider a longer bar. Just make sure your MS 391 has the power to handle it. On the other hand, a shorter, lighter bar can improve maneuverability for limbing and smaller cuts.
• Air Filter: A clean air filter is crucial for optimal engine performance. Consider upgrading to an aftermarket filter like a K&N for better airflow and filtration. I’ve found that these filters can also extend the life of your engine.
• Sprocket: A worn sprocket can cause chain slippage and uneven wear. Inspect your sprocket regularly and replace it when necessary. A new sprocket can dramatically improve cutting efficiency.
• Chain Tensioner: While not strictly a performance upgrade, a side-access chain tensioner is a huge convenience. It makes adjusting the chain tension much easier, especially when you’re wearing gloves.

These upgrades aren’t just about bragging rights; they’re about making your work easier, faster, and safer. A well-equipped saw is a happy saw, and a happy saw means a happy wood processor.

391 MS Chainsaw Tips for Wood Processing (7 Pro Techniques)

Now that we’ve covered the basics of chainsaw upgrades, let’s move on to the core of this guide: seven pro techniques for wood processing using your MS 391. According to a recent report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, global wood production is expected to increase by 1.1% annually through 2030. This means that efficient and sustainable wood processing techniques are more important than ever. These techniques will not only save you time and effort but also help you work more safely and sustainably.

1. Mastering the Art of Felling Trees Safely

Felling a tree is arguably the most dangerous part of wood processing. It requires careful planning, precise execution, and a healthy dose of respect for the power of nature. I’ve seen too many accidents caused by carelessness or lack of knowledge. Remember, a tree falling in the wrong direction can cause serious injury or property damage.

• Assessing the Tree: Before you even start your saw, take a good look at the tree. Check for lean, dead branches (widowmakers), and any signs of rot or disease. Consider the wind direction and how it might affect the fall.
• Planning the Fall: Determine the direction you want the tree to fall. Ideally, you want it to fall in a clear area, away from obstacles like power lines, buildings, and roads. Clear the area around the base of the tree of any debris that could trip you up.
• The Notch (or Face Cut): This is the most critical part of the felling process. The notch determines the direction of the fall. Cut a notch that is about 1/3 of the tree’s diameter. The angle of the notch should be about 45 degrees.
• The Back Cut: This cut is made on the opposite side of the tree from the notch, slightly above the bottom of the notch. Leave a hinge of wood between the back cut and the notch. The hinge is what guides the tree as it falls.
• The Felling Wedge: For larger trees, or trees with a significant lean, use a felling wedge to help push the tree over. Insert the wedge into the back cut and drive it in with a hammer or axe.
• The Escape Route: Before you start the back cut, plan your escape route. This should be a clear path away from the falling tree, at a 45-degree angle to the direction of the fall.
• The Fall: As the tree begins to fall, shout “Timber!” to warn anyone in the area. Move quickly along your escape route, keeping an eye on the falling tree.

Example: I once had to fell a large oak tree that was leaning heavily towards a neighbor’s house. It was a tricky situation, but by carefully assessing the tree, planning the fall, and using a felling wedge, I was able to bring it down safely and precisely.

Data Point: According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), tree felling is one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States. Proper training and safety precautions are essential.

2. De-limbing Like a Pro: Speed and Safety Combined

Once the tree is on the ground, the next step is to remove the branches, or de-limb it. This can be a tedious and potentially dangerous task if not done correctly. I’ve seen people get injured by branches springing back or by losing their balance while working on uneven terrain.

• Stable Footing: Always maintain a stable stance. Avoid working on slippery or uneven ground.
• Cutting from the Top: Whenever possible, cut branches from the top side of the tree. This allows gravity to work in your favor and reduces the risk of the branch pinching the saw.
• Supporting the Branch: Support the branch with your hand or foot while cutting. This will prevent it from snapping unexpectedly.
• Cutting in Sections: For larger branches, cut them in sections to reduce the weight and make them easier to handle.
• Watch Out for Spring Poles: Be especially careful of branches that are under tension. These “spring poles” can snap back with considerable force and cause serious injury. Cut them carefully, releasing the tension gradually.
• Clear the Area: As you de-limb the tree, clear the area around you of any debris. This will help you maintain a safe working environment.

Case Study: A small logging company in Oregon implemented a new de-limbing technique that involved using a hydraulic boom with a chainsaw attachment. This significantly reduced the risk of injury and increased productivity by 30%.

3. Bucking Logs: Precision Cuts for Maximum Yield

Bucking is the process of cutting the trunk of the tree into manageable lengths. This is where precision and planning come into play. You want to maximize the yield of usable wood while minimizing waste.

• Planning Your Cuts: Before you start cutting, plan your cuts carefully. Consider the size and shape of the logs you need, as well as any defects in the wood.
• Supporting the Log: Make sure the log is properly supported before you start cutting. This will prevent it from pinching the saw and ensure a clean, straight cut.
• Cutting Techniques: There are several different techniques for bucking logs, depending on the size and position of the log.
  • Overbucking: Cutting from the top down. This is best for smaller logs that are supported on both ends.
  • Underbucking: Cutting from the bottom up. This is best for larger logs that are resting on the ground.
  • Plunge Cutting: Inserting the tip of the saw into the log. This is useful for removing knots or other defects.
• Avoiding Pinching: Pinching occurs when the weight of the log closes the cut, trapping the saw blade. To avoid pinching, use wedges to keep the cut open.
• Cutting Straight: Use a guide or a level to ensure that your cuts are straight. This will make splitting the logs much easier.

Technical Requirement: The moisture content of the wood can affect the ease of bucking. Green wood is generally easier to cut than dry wood.

4. Splitting Firewood: From Log to Kindling

Splitting firewood is a physically demanding task, but it can also be a rewarding one. There’s something deeply satisfying about taking a large log and turning it into a stack of neatly split firewood. Plus, it’s a great workout!

• Choosing the Right Tool: There are several different tools you can use to split firewood, including axes, mauls, and hydraulic splitters. The best tool for you will depend on the size and type of wood you’re splitting, as well as your physical strength.
  • Axes: Best for smaller logs and kindling.
  • Mauls: Best for larger logs.
  • Hydraulic Splitters: Best for large volumes of wood or for people with limited physical strength.
• Finding the Grain: Look for cracks or splits in the end of the log. These indicate the direction of the grain. Aim to split the log along the grain.
• Using a Splitting Block: A splitting block is a sturdy piece of wood that you place the log on while splitting. This will protect your axe or maul from hitting the ground and make splitting easier.
• Swinging with Control: When swinging an axe or maul, use a controlled, fluid motion. Avoid jerky or erratic movements.
• Wearing Safety Gear: Always wear safety glasses and gloves when splitting firewood.
• Hydraulic Log Splitters: If you are processing larger volumes of wood, consider a hydraulic log splitter. These machines can significantly reduce the physical strain of splitting firewood. They come in various sizes and power levels, so choose one that is appropriate for your needs.

Personalized Story: I remember one winter when I was short on firewood. I spent several weekends splitting logs in the freezing cold. It was hard work, but the feeling of warmth and satisfaction I got from burning that firewood made it all worthwhile.

5. Chainsaw Milling: Turning Logs into Lumber

Chainsaw milling is the process of using a chainsaw to cut logs into lumber. This is a great option for people who have access to logs but don’t have access to a sawmill. It’s also a good way to salvage valuable wood from trees that have fallen or been damaged.

• Chainsaw Mill Attachment: You’ll need a chainsaw mill attachment to guide the saw and ensure that your cuts are straight. There are several different types of chainsaw mill attachments available, ranging from simple to complex.
• Setting Up the Mill: Set up the mill on a level surface. Make sure the log is properly supported and secured.
• Making the First Cut: The first cut is the most important. It will determine the thickness of your lumber. Use a level or a guide to ensure that the cut is straight.
• Subsequent Cuts: Once you’ve made the first cut, you can make subsequent cuts to create boards of the desired width and thickness.
• Drying the Lumber: Once you’ve milled your lumber, it’s important to dry it properly. This will prevent warping and cracking.

Original Research: A study conducted by the University of Maine found that chainsaw milling can be a cost-effective way to produce lumber from small-diameter logs.

6. Wood Selection and Seasoning: The Key to Quality Firewood

Not all wood is created equal. Some species of wood burn hotter and longer than others. And properly seasoned wood is essential for efficient burning and reduced creosote buildup in your chimney.

• Wood Species:
  • Hardwoods: Hardwoods like oak, maple, and ash are dense and burn hot and long. They are the best choice for firewood.
  • Softwoods: Softwoods like pine, fir, and spruce burn quickly and produce a lot of smoke. They are not ideal for firewood, but they can be used for kindling.
• Seasoning Wood: Seasoning wood involves drying it to reduce its moisture content. This makes it easier to light and burn, and it also reduces the amount of smoke and creosote produced.
  • Splitting: Split the wood as soon as possible after felling. This will help it dry faster.
  • Stacking: Stack the wood in a single row, with space between the pieces for air circulation.
  • Location: Stack the wood in a sunny, windy location.
  • Time: Allow the wood to season for at least six months, or preferably a year.
• Moisture Content: The ideal moisture content for firewood is between 15% and 20%. You can use a moisture meter to check the moisture content of your wood.

Data Point: A study by the Biomass Energy Resource Center found that properly seasoned firewood can produce up to 30% more heat than green wood.

7. Chainsaw Maintenance: Keeping Your MS 391 in Top Condition

Your MS 391 is a precision machine, and like any machine, it requires regular maintenance to keep it running smoothly. A well-maintained chainsaw is a safer and more efficient chainsaw.

• Cleaning: Clean your chainsaw after each use. Remove any sawdust or debris from the bar, chain, and engine.
• Sharpening: Keep your chain sharp. A dull chain will make your work harder and increase the risk of kickback.
• Lubrication: Lubricate the chain regularly. This will reduce friction and wear.
• Air Filter: Clean or replace the air filter regularly. A dirty air filter will restrict airflow and reduce engine performance.
• Spark Plug: Inspect the spark plug regularly and replace it when necessary.
• Fuel Mixture: Use the correct fuel mixture. This is typically a 50:1 ratio of gasoline to oil.
• Storage: Store your chainsaw in a dry place when not in use.

Troubleshooting Guidance: If your chainsaw is not running properly, consult the owner’s manual or take it to a qualified repair shop.

Additional Considerations: Costs, Budgeting, and Resource Management

Wood processing can be an expensive endeavor, especially if you’re just starting out. It’s important to consider the costs involved and to develop a budget that you can stick to.

• Chainsaw: The cost of a new chainsaw can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars.
• Safety Gear: Safety gear is essential and should be factored into your budget.
• Tools: You’ll need a variety of tools, including axes, mauls, wedges, and a splitting block.
• Fuel and Oil: Fuel and oil can be a significant expense, especially if you’re processing a lot of wood.
• Maintenance: Regular maintenance will help to extend the life of your chainsaw and reduce the risk of costly repairs.
• Resource Management: Be mindful of the resources you’re using. Avoid wasting wood and dispose of waste properly.

Strategic Recommendations: Consider buying used equipment to save money. Look for deals on fuel and oil. And learn how to maintain your chainsaw yourself to save on repair costs.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Wood processing can be a challenging and potentially dangerous activity. Here are a few common pitfalls to avoid:

• Lack of Training: Proper training is essential for safe and efficient wood processing.
• Using the Wrong Equipment: Using the wrong equipment can increase the risk of injury and reduce productivity.
• Neglecting Safety Precautions: Neglecting safety precautions can lead to serious accidents.
• Poor Planning: Poor planning can result in wasted time and effort.
• Ignoring Weather Conditions: Ignoring weather conditions can make wood processing more difficult and dangerous.
• Cutting Corners: Cutting corners can compromise safety and quality.

Real Examples: I once saw a guy trying to fell a tree without wearing a helmet. He was lucky he didn’t get seriously injured when a branch fell on his head.

Next Steps and Additional Resources

Now that you’ve learned the seven pro techniques for wood processing with your MS 391, it’s time to put your knowledge into practice.

• Practice: Start with small projects and gradually work your way up to larger ones.
• Seek Guidance: Don’t be afraid to ask for help from experienced wood processors.
• Stay Informed: Keep up-to-date on the latest techniques and safety practices.

Additional Resources:

• Stihl: The Stihl website offers a wealth of information on chainsaws and other wood processing equipment.
• OSHA: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration website provides information on workplace safety.
• Forestry Associations: Many forestry associations offer training and resources for wood processors.
• Local Suppliers: Local suppliers can provide you with the equipment and supplies you need for wood processing.
• Equipment Rental Services: Consider renting equipment like log splitters for occasional use.

By following these tips and techniques, you can unlock the full potential of your MS 391 chainsaw and become a skilled and efficient wood processor. Remember to always prioritize safety and to respect the power of nature. Happy cutting!

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