031 Stihl Specs Explained (5 Pro Tips For Woodcutters)

I understand the importance of having a reliable and adaptable chainsaw, especially when dealing with various wood types and cutting conditions. The Stihl 031, a vintage workhorse, is a testament to durable engineering. While it might not have all the bells and whistles of modern saws, its simplicity and robust construction make it a favorite among many woodcutters, myself included. In this guide, I’ll share my insights and pro tips for getting the most out of your 031 Stihl, whether you’re a seasoned logger or just starting to process firewood. We’ll delve into its specs, discuss maintenance, and explore techniques to maximize its cutting performance.

031 Stihl Specs Explained (5 Pro Tips for Woodcutters)

The Stihl 031, though a classic, still packs a punch when properly maintained and used correctly. Understanding its specifications is the first step to unlocking its potential.

Understanding the Stihl 031

The Stihl 031 is a gasoline-powered chainsaw designed for a variety of woodcutting tasks, from felling small trees to bucking logs for firewood. It’s known for its reliability and straightforward design, making it relatively easy to maintain.

Key Terms & Concepts:

Green Wood vs. Seasoned Wood: Green wood is freshly cut and has a high moisture content, making it heavier and harder to split. Seasoned wood has been dried, typically for 6-12 months, reducing its moisture content and making it easier to burn and split. The 031 can handle both, but seasoned wood will be less taxing on the saw.
Bar Length: The length of the guide bar determines the maximum diameter of wood you can cut.
Chain Pitch: The distance between three rivets on the chain divided by two. This needs to match the drive sprocket and guide bar.
Gauge: The thickness of the drive links that fit into the groove of the guide bar.
Carburetor: The device that mixes air and fuel in the correct ratio for combustion.
Two-Stroke Engine: An engine that completes a power cycle with two strokes of the piston, requiring a mix of gasoline and oil.

Stihl 031 Specifications

Here are the typical specifications for a Stihl 031 chainsaw:

Engine Displacement: Around 49 cc (cubic centimeters)
Engine Power: Approximately 3.1 bhp (brake horsepower)
Weight (without bar and chain): Roughly 13-14 lbs (5.9-6.4 kg)
Fuel Tank Capacity: Around 17.6 oz (520 ml)
Oil Tank Capacity: About 8.5 oz (250 ml)
Available Bar Lengths: Typically ranging from 16 inches to 20 inches. 16″ is ideal for most firewood cutting in my experience.
Chain Pitch: Commonly .325 inch or 3/8 inch.
Chain Gauge: Typically .063 inch (1.6 mm).

Data Insight: From my experience, the 49cc engine is well-suited for felling trees up to 12-14 inches in diameter. Beyond that, cutting becomes significantly slower, and you’re better off with a larger saw.

Pro Tip #1: Mastering the Carburetor

The carburetor is the heart of your 031, ensuring the right fuel-air mixture for optimal performance. A properly tuned carburetor is crucial for easy starting, smooth idling, and maximum power output.

Step-by-Step Guide to Carburetor Adjustment:

Locate the Adjustment Screws: The carburetor will have three adjustment screws:
- L (Low): Adjusts the fuel mixture at idle and low speeds.
- H (High): Adjusts the fuel mixture at high speeds.
- LA (Idle Adjustment): Adjusts the idle speed.
Warm Up the Engine: Start the chainsaw and let it run for a few minutes to reach operating temperature.
Adjust the Low (L) Screw:
- Turn the L screw clockwise until the engine starts to bog down or stall.
- Then, slowly turn the L screw counter-clockwise until the engine runs smoothly and accelerates cleanly from idle.
Adjust the High (H) Screw:
- Make a test cut in a log.
- Turn the H screw clockwise until the engine starts to bog down or sound strained.
- Then, slowly turn the H screw counter-clockwise until the engine runs smoothly at full throttle without excessive smoking.
Adjust the Idle (LA) Screw:
- Turn the LA screw to adjust the idle speed so that the chain does not move when the engine is idling. The engine should run smoothly without stalling.
Fine-Tune: Repeat the process, making small adjustments to each screw until you achieve optimal performance.

Case Study: I once worked on a Stihl 031 that was consistently stalling. After cleaning the carburetor, I meticulously adjusted the L and H screws. The saw went from being unusable to cutting through oak logs with ease. It highlighted the importance of proper carburetor tuning.

Strategic Advantage: A well-tuned carburetor not only improves performance but also extends the life of your engine by ensuring proper combustion and reducing wear.

Technical Details: Use a small screwdriver designed for carburetor adjustments. Avoid forcing the screws, as they can be easily damaged.

Pro Tip #2: Chain Sharpening and Maintenance

A sharp chain is essential for efficient and safe cutting. A dull chain will cause the saw to vibrate excessively, require more force to cut, and increase the risk of kickback.

Step-by-Step Guide to Chain Sharpening:

Secure the Chainsaw: Place the chainsaw in a vise or clamp to hold it securely.
Use the Correct File: Use a round file that matches the chain pitch. For a .325 pitch chain, a 5/32-inch file is typically used. For a 3/8 pitch chain, a 7/32-inch file is common.
Maintain the Correct Angle: Use a file guide to maintain the correct sharpening angle. The angle is typically marked on the file guide. If you don’t have a guide, aim for about 30 degrees for the top plate and 10 degrees for the side plate.
File Each Cutter: File each cutter from the inside out, using smooth, consistent strokes. Aim for 3-5 strokes per cutter.
Check the Depth Gauges: Use a depth gauge tool to check the height of the depth gauges (also known as rakers). These should be slightly lower than the cutters. If they are too high, file them down using a flat file.
Sharpen All Cutters: Sharpen all cutters to the same length to ensure even cutting.
Clean and Lubricate: After sharpening, clean the chain and lubricate it with bar and chain oil.

Personal Story: I remember struggling to cut through a large oak log with a dull chain. After spending 30 minutes carefully sharpening the chain, the saw sliced through the log like butter. It was a clear demonstration of the difference a sharp chain makes.

Strategic Advantage: Regular chain sharpening not only improves cutting performance but also reduces wear and tear on the engine and bar.

Technical Details: Invest in a good quality file guide and depth gauge tool. These tools will help you maintain the correct sharpening angles and depth gauge height.

Measurements: The depth gauge setting typically ranges from .025 to .030 inches, depending on the type of wood you are cutting. Softer woods require a slightly lower depth gauge setting.

Pro Tip #3: Fuel and Oil Mixture

The Stihl 031, being a two-stroke engine, requires a specific fuel and oil mixture for proper lubrication and cooling. Using the wrong mixture can lead to engine damage and reduced performance.

Step-by-Step Guide to Mixing Fuel and Oil:

Use the Correct Ratio: The recommended fuel and oil mixture for the Stihl 031 is typically 50:1 (50 parts gasoline to 1 part oil). Always refer to your owner’s manual for the specific ratio recommended by Stihl.
Use High-Quality Oil: Use a high-quality two-stroke oil specifically designed for air-cooled engines. Stihl Ultra HP oil is a good option.
Use Fresh Gasoline: Use fresh, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 89 or higher. Avoid using gasoline that has been sitting for more than 30 days, as it can degrade and cause engine problems.
Mix Thoroughly: Pour the gasoline and oil into a clean fuel container and mix thoroughly. Shake the container vigorously for at least 30 seconds to ensure that the oil is completely mixed with the gasoline.
Label the Container: Label the fuel container with the date and the fuel/oil ratio.

Data Insight: I’ve seen engines seize due to incorrect fuel mixtures. Adhering to the 50:1 ratio and using high-quality oil is non-negotiable for the longevity of your 031.

Case Study: I once used a fuel mixture that was too lean (too much gasoline, not enough oil) in my Stihl 031. The engine overheated and started to lose power. Fortunately, I caught the problem early and was able to avoid serious damage by switching to the correct fuel mixture.

Strategic Advantage: Using the correct fuel and oil mixture ensures proper lubrication and cooling, which extends the life of your engine and prevents costly repairs.

Technical Details: Always mix the fuel and oil in a well-ventilated area. Avoid spilling fuel, as it is flammable.

Pro Tip #4: Bar and Chain Selection

Choosing the right bar and chain for your Stihl 031 is crucial for optimal cutting performance and safety. The bar length should be appropriate for the size of the trees you are felling or the logs you are bucking. The chain pitch and gauge should match the drive sprocket and guide bar.

Step-by-Step Guide to Bar and Chain Selection:

Determine the Appropriate Bar Length: Choose a bar length that is slightly longer than the diameter of the trees you will be felling or the logs you will be bucking. A 16-inch bar is a good all-around choice for most firewood cutting tasks.
Match the Chain Pitch and Gauge: The chain pitch and gauge must match the drive sprocket and guide bar. Check your owner’s manual or the markings on the guide bar to determine the correct pitch and gauge.
Choose the Right Chain Type: There are different types of chains available, each designed for specific cutting conditions.
- Full Chisel Chains: These chains have square-cornered cutters that are very aggressive and cut quickly. They are best suited for clean wood and experienced users.
- Semi-Chisel Chains: These chains have rounded-cornered cutters that are more durable and less prone to dulling. They are a good choice for dirty wood or occasional users.
- Low-Kickback Chains: These chains have special features that reduce the risk of kickback. They are a good choice for inexperienced users or those who are concerned about safety.
Install the Bar and Chain Properly: Follow the instructions in your owner’s manual to install the bar and chain correctly. Make sure the chain is tensioned properly.

Personal Story: I once tried to use a chain with the wrong pitch on my Stihl 031. The chain didn’t fit properly on the drive sprocket, and the saw wouldn’t cut. It was a lesson in the importance of matching the chain pitch and gauge to the saw.

Strategic Advantage: Choosing the right bar and chain can significantly improve cutting performance, reduce wear and tear on the saw, and enhance safety.

Technical Details: Always use a new chain when installing a new bar. This will ensure that the chain and bar wear evenly.

Wood Type Selection: For hardwoods like oak and maple, a semi-chisel chain is a good choice due to its durability. For softwoods like pine and fir, a full chisel chain can provide faster cutting.

Pro Tip #5: Safe Felling Techniques

Felling trees can be dangerous if not done properly. It’s crucial to understand basic felling techniques and safety precautions to minimize the risk of accidents.

Step-by-Step Guide to Safe Felling:

Assess the Tree and Surroundings: Before felling a tree, assess its size, lean, and any defects. Check for overhead hazards, such as dead branches. Clear the area around the tree of any obstacles.
Plan the Felling Direction: Determine the direction in which you want the tree to fall. Consider the tree’s natural lean, wind direction, and any obstacles in the area.
Create a Notch: Cut a notch on the side of the tree facing the direction you want it to fall. The notch should be about one-third of the tree’s diameter. The top cut of the notch should be at a 45-degree angle, and the bottom cut should be horizontal.
Make the Back Cut: Make the back cut on the opposite side of the tree from the notch. The back cut should be slightly higher than the bottom cut of the notch. Leave a hinge of wood between the back cut and the notch.
Use Felling Wedges: Insert felling wedges into the back cut to help push the tree over in the desired direction.
Warn Others: Before the tree falls, shout a warning to anyone in the area.
Retreat to Safety: After the tree starts to fall, retreat to a safe distance away from the tree. Watch for falling branches and other hazards.

Case Study: I witnessed a near-miss when a tree fell unexpectedly during a felling operation. The logger had not properly assessed the tree’s lean and had not used felling wedges. Fortunately, no one was injured, but it was a stark reminder of the importance of safe felling techniques.

Strategic Advantage: Safe felling techniques protect you and others from injury and prevent damage to property.

Technical Details: Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including a hard hat, safety glasses, hearing protection, and chainsaw chaps.

Felling Techniques: For trees with a strong lean, use a more aggressive notch and felling wedges to ensure that the tree falls in the desired direction.

Estimating Costs: Felling wedges can cost anywhere from $20 to $50, depending on the size and material. Chainsaw chaps typically cost between $100 and $200.

Additional Considerations

Regular Maintenance: Regularly inspect and maintain your Stihl 031. Clean the air filter, spark plug, and cooling fins. Lubricate the bar and chain regularly.
Storage: Store your chainsaw in a dry place when not in use. Drain the fuel tank before storing the saw for extended periods.
Troubleshooting: Familiarize yourself with common chainsaw problems and troubleshooting techniques.

Conclusion

The Stihl 031 is a reliable and versatile chainsaw that can be a valuable tool for woodcutters of all skill levels. By understanding its specifications, mastering basic maintenance techniques, and following safe operating procedures, you can get the most out of your 031 and enjoy years of reliable service. Remember to always prioritize safety and use appropriate personal protective equipment.

Next Steps:

Review your Stihl 031’s owner’s manual.
Inspect your chainsaw for any signs of wear or damage.
Sharpen your chain and adjust the carburetor.
Practice safe felling techniques in a controlled environment.
Start processing your firewood or felling small trees.

031 Stihl Specs Explained (5 Pro Tips for Woodcutters)